Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

1,953 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice biology coordination in life processes ingestion of food mechanism of digestion

Succus entericus acts in?

  1. Alkaline medium

  2. Strongly acidic medium

  3. Neutral medium

  4. Weakly acidic medium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Succus entericus, or intestinal juice, contains enzymes that function optimally in an alkaline environment, which is maintained by secretions from Brunner's glands and the pancreas.

Multiple choice biology coordination in life processes ingestion of food mechanism of digestion

The swallowing of food from buccopharyngeal cavity to stomach is called 

  1. Deglutition

  2. Mastication

  3. Peristalsis

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Deglutition is the medical term for the act of swallowing, which involves the movement of food from the mouth through the pharynx and esophagus to the stomach.

Multiple choice biology coordination in life processes ingestion of food mechanism of digestion

The secretion of brush border cells of intestinal mucosa along with secretion of goblet cells constitute

  1. Succus entericus

  2. Chyme

  3. Gastric juice

  4. Chylomicrons

  5. Bolus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Succus entericus is the collective term for the secretions of the intestinal glands (brush border cells) and goblet cells in the small intestine.

Multiple choice biology coordination in life processes ingestion of food mechanism of digestion

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : Deglutition starts as a reflex and then continues by voluntary action.
Statement 2 : Oesophagus has smooth muscles in the beginning and striated muscles In the rest of its wall.

  1. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

  2. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

  3. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

  4. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The correct answer is (d).

Multiple choice zoology nervous system of man pns divisions of nervous system peripheral nervous system

Meissners plexus and Auerbachs plexus of gastrointestinal tract occur respectively in

  1. Submucosa and mucosa

  2. Mucosa and muscularis externa

  3. Submucosa and muscularis externa

  4. Lamina propia and muscularis mucosa
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Meissner's plexus (submucosal plexus) is located in the submucosa layer of the gastrointestinal tract, while Auerbach's plexus (myenteric plexus) is located between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the muscularis externa.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry inborn errors of metabolism haemophilia and colour blindness non infectious diseases keeping diseases away

Mark the correct statement.

  1. In lower one third part of oesophagus both Myenteric and Meissner's plexus are absent

  2. Carboxypeptidase is exopeptidase acting on 'N' terminal end of peptide chain

  3. Galactosemia is metabolic genetic disorder due to deficiency of the enzyme uridyl transferase

  4. Nucleotidase and nucleosidase enzymes are present in pancreatic juice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Here, option (C) is correct as Galactosemia is metabolic genetic metabolic disorder due to deficiency of the enzyme uridyl transferase.
  • While, carboxypeptidase is a protease enzyme that acts on 'C' terminal end of a protien or peptide.
  • And, in pancreatic juice trypsin, amylase and lipase are present.
Multiple choice mitosis structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division cell division biology cell division in embryo development division for growth and reproduction

Glucose and amino acids are absorbed through the following part of villus.

  1. Epithelial cells

  2. Blood capillary

  3. Lymphatic vessel

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glucose and amino acids are absorbed through the epithelial cells (enterocytes) of the villi in the small intestine. From there, they pass into the blood capillaries.

Multiple choice mitosis structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division cell division biology cell division in embryo development division for growth and reproduction

The epithelial cells lining the stomach of vertebrates are protected from damage by HCl because.

  1. HCl is too dilute

  2. The epithelial cells are resistant to the action of HCl

  3. HCl is neutralized in the stomach

  4. The epithelial cells are covered by mucus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The epithelial cells lining the stomach of vertebrates are protected from damage by HCl because 'the epithelial cells are covered by a mucous secretion'.
So the correct option is D.
Multiple choice hepatic portal system components of the circulatory system transport in animals the circulatory system biology

Hepatic portal system connects

  1. Digestive system to liver.

  2. Kidney to liver.

  3. Liver to digestive system.

  4. Liver to kidney.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The venous system comprising of the hepatic portal vein and other veins. It is responsible for directing blood from the region of the gastrointestinal tract between the esophagus and rectum and also includes venous drainage from the supplementary organs such as the spleen to the liver. The hepatic system is so named since it connects capillaries of the intestine and other digestive organs to modified capillaries (hepatic sinusoids) of the liver. As intestinal blood is nutrient rich for few hours after having a meal, this system is able to detect available nutrients before the blood goes to rest of the body. It also plays the role in cleansing the blood by removing the bacteria and toxins present in it. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice hepatic portal system components of the circulatory system transport in animals the circulatory system biology

Which one is not the use of hepatic portal system?

  1. To convert carbohydrate into glycogen.

  2. To separate ammonia.

  3. To kill bacteria.

  4. To convert protein into carbohydrate.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The hepatic portal system is the system of blood vessels that connect the gastrointestinal system and the liver. The nutrients digested by the intestines are transported to the liver, where the excess of carbohydrates is converted into glycogen. The amino acids are broken down and ammonia is released, which is soon converted to urea through the Ornithine cycle. The liver has Kupffer cells that kill the bacteria before the nutrients move out to the different organs of the body.


Hence, the correct answer is 'To convert proteins into carbohydrates'

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency nutrients and foodstuffs introduction to nutrients nutrition and its need simple test for nutrients test for nutrients

Nutrients are the integral part of the body which helps in the development and regulation of the internal process of the body.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The process of nourishing or being nourished, especially the process by which a living organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and for replacement of tissues


So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice evs food components simple test for nutrients test for nutrients protein and its function energy from different food components nutrients and foodstuffs

The digestive juices break down into simpler substance

  1. Proteins

  2. Hydrochloric acid

  3. Fatty acid

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gastric acid is a digestive fluid, formed in the stomach. It is composed of hydrochloric acid (HCl) 0.05–0.1 M (roughly 5,000–10,000 parts per million) potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl). The acid plays a key role in digestion of proteins, by activating digestive enzymes, and making ingested proteins unravel so that digestive enzymes break down the long chains of amino acids. The highly acidic environment in the stomach lumen causes proteins from food to lose their characteristic folded structure (or denature). This exposes the protein's peptide bonds. The gastric chief cells of the stomach secrete enzymes for protein breakdown (inactive pepsinogen, and in infancy rennin). Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin, which then helps digestion by breaking the bonds linking amino acids, a process known as proteolysis. In addition, many microorganisms have their growth inhibited by such an acidic environment, which is helpful to prevent infection. HCl is digestive juice. Fatty acids are digested by bile acids.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food dietary sources of proteins types of nutrients calorific value of nutrients

What is common among amylase, rennin and trypsin?

  1. All proteins

  2. Proteolytic enzymes

  3. Produced in stomach

  4. Act at pH lower than 7
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Amylase, rennin, and trypsin are all proteins by nature, as all enzymes are globular proteins. They are not all proteolytic (amylase acts on carbohydrates), nor are they all produced in the stomach.

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food dietary sources of proteins types of nutrients calorific value of nutrients

Which one matches with protein digestion

  1. Lipase, secretin, erepsin, casein

  2. Pepsin, lactase, casein, erepsin

  3. Erepsin, amylase, pepsin, casein

  4. Erepsin, trypsin, pepsin, rennin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Erepsin, trypsin, pepsin, and rennin are all enzymes involved in the digestion of proteins or protein-related substances (like casein).