Historical Dates and Events

The Battle of Argaon was fought on 28 November 1803 during the Second Anglo-Maratha War between the British and the Maratha forces.

The battle of Chakan (not Chakam) between the Maratha Empire and Mughal Empire took place in 1660. Shivaji besieged the Mughal fort at Chakan under the command of Shaista Khan's forces. Though Shivaji could not capture the fort, the prolonged siege demonstrated Maratha military capability against the Mughals.

Mahmud Ghazni was the ruler of Ghazni. He was the first Turk invader. Between A.D. 1010 and 1025, he attacked only temple towns in Northern India. He attacked India 17 times during the course of 25 years. The most devastating invasion of Mahmud was the attack on the Somnath Temple in Kathiawar in 1025 A.D. It was his 16th invasion. 

Vishnuvardhana was a king of the Hoysala Empire in what is today the modern state of Karnataka, India.

• Ereyanga,  was the son of Vinayaditya and distinguished himself as a Chalukya feudatory during their campaigns against Dhara of Malwa.
• He served his father as the Yuvaraja. and practiced Jainism.
• His rule as a monarch of Hoysala Empire went on from 1098 AD to 1192 AD.

• Vinayaditya, was an able Jain king of the Hoysala Empire, who distinguished himself as an able feudatory of the Kalyani Chalukyas during his long reign.
• He helped bring many small Malnad chiefs like the Kongalvas, Chengalvas, Santharas of Humcha Shimoga and the Kadambas of Bayalnadu (Vainadu) under control.
• His reign went on from 1047 AD to 1098 AD.

The term 'Hindustan' was used for the first time by Minhaj-i Siraj, a thirteenth-century Persian chronicler. He, with this term, meant the areas of Punjab, Haryana and the lands between the Ganga and Yamuna.

Map 1 is the section of world map drawn by the geographer Al-Idrist in the twelfth century showing the Indian continent. Map 1 and 2 are quite different though the area is same. In these maps south India is where we would expect to find north India and Sri lanka is the Island at the top.

Lord Harding declared war on Punjab on 13th December 1845. Between 1845 to 1849 Sikhs and the British fought two wars. In the first war fought Punjab was defeated. But the Sikhs caused a reversal on 21st January 1846 when under the leadership of Ranjodh Singh and Ajit Singh they defeated the army of Harry Smith who led the English Army.

First Anglo-Sikh war was fought between the years 1845 – 1846. The war was fought between Sikh Empire and East India Company. This war was fought in Punjab. During this time lord Harding was Governor General. He declared war on Punjab on 13th December, 1845.

Treaty of Lahore did not last long and resignation of governor of Multan and disgraceful behaviour with queen mother led to the outbreak of war. Second Anglo-Sikh war broke out between the years 1848 and 1849.

The First Anglo-Sikh War between the British East India Company and Sikh Empire was fought from 1845 to 1846. It resulted in the victory of Britishers and ended with the signing of Treaty of Lahore in 1846. In the treaty, the Sikhs were made to surrender the valuable region (the Jullundur Doab) between the Beas River and Sutlej River.

Ranjit Singh was the founder and maharaja of the Sikh kingdom of the Punjab. He proclaimed himself as the "Maharaja of Punjab", and agreed to a formal ceremony, which was carried out by Baba Sahib Singh Bedi in 1801. His reign introduced reforms, modernisation, investment into infrastructure and general prosperity.

Maharaja Ranjit Singh first invaded the Malwa region in 1806, following an invitation from the Raja of Nabha.

The Ahom kingdom was established in 1228 when Sukaphaa, a Shan prince of Mong Mao entered the Brahmaputra valley. The Ahom dynasty lasted from 1228 to 1826. The rule of this dynasty ended with the Burmese invasion of Assam and the signing treaty of Yandaboo in 1826 led to subsequent annexation by the British East India Company.