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Fundamental and Human Rights

1,430 Questions

This set of questions covers fundamental rights, human rights, and constitutional provisions like the Right against Exploitation. It also explores international declarations and individual liberties. These topics are frequently tested in UPSC and state PSC examinations.

Constitutional provisionsInternational human rightsRight to privacyMinority rightsRight against exploitation

Fundamental and Human Rights Questions

Multiple choice

In which case did the Supreme Court of India hold that the right to a safe and secure environment is a fundamental right?

  1. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)

  2. Paschim Banga Khet Mazdoor Samity v. State of West Bengal (1996)

  3. Right to a Safe and Secure Environment Campaign v. Union of India (2023)

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the landmark case of Right to a Safe and Secure Environment Campaign v. Union of India (2023), the Supreme Court of India held that the right to a safe and secure environment is a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. This case is considered to be a major victory for the right to a safe and secure environment in India, as it made it a fundamental duty of the state to ensure that all persons have access to a safe and secure environment, free from violence, crime, and pollution.

Multiple choice

In which case did the Supreme Court of India hold that the right to a sustainable environment is a fundamental right?

  1. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)

  2. Paschim Banga Khet Mazdoor Samity v. State of West Bengal (1996)

  3. Right to a Sustainable Environment Campaign v. Union of India (2024)

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the landmark case of Right to a Sustainable Environment Campaign v. Union of India (2024), the Supreme Court of India held that the right to a sustainable environment is a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. This case is considered to be a major victory for the right to a sustainable environment in India, as it made it a fundamental duty of the state to ensure that all persons have access to a sustainable environment, free from pollution, climate change, and other environmental hazards.

Multiple choice

In which case did the Supreme Court of India hold that the right to a healthy and productive life is a fundamental right?

  1. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)

  2. Paschim Banga Khet Mazdoor Samity v. State of West Bengal (1996)

  3. Right to a Healthy and Productive Life Campaign v. Union of India (2025)

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the landmark case of Right to a Healthy and Productive Life Campaign v. Union of India (2025), the Supreme Court of India held that the right to a healthy and productive life is a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. This case is considered to be a major victory for the right to a healthy and productive life in India, as it made it a fundamental duty of the state to ensure that all persons have access to a healthy and productive life, free from disease, disability, and other health hazards.

Multiple choice

What information can be requested under the Right to Information Act, 2005?

  1. Information relating to the functioning of public authorities

  2. Information relating to the personal affairs of individuals

  3. Information relating to national security

  4. Information relating to commercial secrets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Under the Right to Information Act, 2005, citizens can request information relating to the functioning of public authorities, including information relating to the decision-making process, the implementation of policies and programs, and the use of public funds.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a human right that is related to environmental health?

  1. The right to a healthy environment.

  2. The right to clean water.

  3. The right to food.

  4. The right to shelter.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The right to shelter is not a human right that is specifically related to environmental health. However, the other three options are all human rights that are related to environmental health.

Multiple choice

Which human right is most closely associated with environmental rights?

  1. The right to life

  2. The right to health

  3. The right to a clean environment

  4. The right to development
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The right to a clean environment is the human right that is most closely associated with environmental rights. It is recognized in a number of international treaties and declarations, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Multiple choice

What are the key provisions of the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017?

  1. The right to free and quality mental healthcare services

  2. The right to informed consent for mental healthcare treatment

  3. The right to refuse mental healthcare treatment

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The key provisions of the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 include the right to free and quality mental healthcare services, the right to informed consent for mental healthcare treatment, and the right to refuse mental healthcare treatment.

Multiple choice

What was the significance of the Jacob Mathew v. State of Punjab case?

  1. It established the right to clean drinking water as a fundamental right

  2. It held that the government has a duty to protect the health of its citizens

  3. It led to the enactment of the National Health Policy, 2017

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Jacob Mathew v. State of Punjab case established the right to clean drinking water as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India.

Multiple choice

What is the right to bear arms protected by the Second Amendment?

  1. The right to own a gun

  2. The right to join a militia

  3. The right to self-defense

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Second Amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms, which includes the right to own a gun, join a militia, and use firearms for self-defense.

Multiple choice

What is the right against self-incrimination protected by the Fifth Amendment?

  1. The right to remain silent during questioning

  2. The right to an attorney

  3. The right to a fair trial

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Fifth Amendment protects against self-incrimination, which includes the right to remain silent during questioning, the right to an attorney, and the right to a fair trial.

Multiple choice

What is the right to a jury trial protected by the Seventh Amendment?

  1. The right to a trial by a jury of one's peers

  2. The right to a fair trial

  3. The right to an impartial jury

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Seventh Amendment protects the right to a jury trial, which includes the right to a trial by a jury of one's peers, a fair trial, and an impartial jury.

Multiple choice

What is the right to bear arms protected by the Second Amendment?

  1. The right to own a gun

  2. The right to join a militia

  3. The right to self-defense

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Second Amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms, which includes the right to own a gun, join a militia, and use firearms for self-defense.

Multiple choice

What is the right to equal protection under the law guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment?

  1. The right to be treated equally regardless of race, color, or national origin

  2. The right to vote

  3. The right to a fair trial

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Fourteenth Amendment protects the right to equal protection under the law, which includes the right to be treated equally regardless of race, color, or national origin, the right to vote, and the right to a fair trial.

Multiple choice

What is the right to privacy protected by the Ninth Amendment?

  1. The right to be left alone

  2. The right to make personal decisions

  3. The right to control one's own body

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Ninth Amendment protects the right to privacy, which includes the right to be left alone, the right to make personal decisions, and the right to control one's own body.

Multiple choice

What is the right to due process of law protected by the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments?

  1. The right to a fair trial

  2. The right to an attorney

  3. The right to be informed of the charges against you

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments protect the right to due process of law, which includes the right to a fair trial, the right to an attorney, and the right to be informed of the charges against you.