Science General · Chemistry

Food Processing and Storage

2,379 Questions

Food processing and storage principles focus on preservation techniques, packaging methods, and preventing microbial contamination. These topics are essential for general science sections in various competitive examinations. Questions explore pasteurization, canning, chemical preservation, and safe food handling practices.

Food preservation methodsPasteurization techniquesFood packaging materialsMicrobial contamination preventionCryopreservation concepts

Food Processing and Storage Questions

Multiple choice evs communicable diseases infectious diseases - transmission and prevention infectious diseases and how to prevent them pathogen and their mode of transmission

The factor that is least important to control in order to limit food-borne illness is

  1. Presence of pesticides

  2. Presence of microbes

  3. Temperature of food

  4. Time of incubation

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Foodborne illness can be caused by pesticides or medicines in food and naturally toxic substances such as poisonous mushrooms or reef fish. Foodborne illnesses may result from the consumption of food contaminated by microbial pathogens, toxic chemicals or radioactive materials. The temperature range in which food-borne bacteria can grow is known as the danger zone. Food safety agencies, such as the United States' Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), define the danger zone as roughly 4–5°C to 60 °C. The FSIS stipulates that potentially hazardous food should not be stored at temperatures in this range in order to prevent foodborne illness. The delay between consumption of a contaminated food and appearance of the first symptoms of illness is called the incubation period. This ranges from hours to days, depending on the agent, and on how much was consumed. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice physics heat energy transfers heat and heat transfer heat energy transfer transfer of heat

Thermocole lined box is used as a cold storage because.

  1. Thermocole is a bad conductor

  2. It is cheaper

  3. It is easier to construct

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Thermocole lined box is used as cold storage because these material is a poor conductor of heat . And it has millions of tiny air bubbles that show the progress of heat through material.

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

Increased flavourful shelf life of Tomato has been achieved by ______________.

  1. Developing better storage technique

  2. Reducing activity of enzyme polygalactourinase

  3. Promoting activity of enzyme polygalacturonase

  4. Enhancing epidermal growth factor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Flavr Savr tomato was engineered by antisense technology to reduce the expression of polygalacturonase, an enzyme that breaks down pectin and causes softening.

Multiple choice biology production of food from animals contribution of louis pasteur discoveries by louis pasteur discovery of microorganisms

Which of the following statements holds good with pasteurization?

  1. Pasteurization removes all the bacteria from milk.

  2. Pasteurization is a synonym for sterilization.

  3. Milk needs to be refrigerated even after pasteurization.

  4. Pasteurized milk causes lactose intolerance.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

a) Pasteurization does not remove all bacteria from milk. It reduces the harmful active bacteria from the milk but it is unable to kill their spores which might erupt again under favourable conditions. 

b) Pasteurization is not a synonym for sterilization because of two processes are very different from each other when it comes to application. Pasteurization is the process where the milk is heated at to a specific temperature for a set period of time to reduce the bacterial population to prevent the spoilage and increase the shelf life. Sterilization kills all forms of living microorganism in the sample along with the spores of microorganism which cannot be done by the pasteurization.
c) Milk needs to be refrigerated even after pasteurization because refrigeration helps to keep the microorganism inactive for longer duration which increases the shelf life of the milk.
d) Pasteurized milk does not cause lactose intolerance because it does not affect or degrade the lactase enzyme which is responsible for lactose digestion in the humans.
So, the correct answer is 'Milk needs to be refrigerated even after pasteurization'.

Multiple choice biology production of food from animals contribution of louis pasteur discoveries by louis pasteur discovery of microorganisms

Which of the following processes are used for increasing the shelf life of milk?

  1. Boiling

  2. Refrigerating

  3. Pasteurizing

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Boiling increases the temperature of milk and kills many bacteria and thus increases the shelf life of milk when compared to raw milk.
  • Refrigeration lowers the temperatures of the growth medium ( milk) making it not suitable for bacterial growth and keeps milk fresh for a particular period of time.
  • Pasteurization is heating milk to high temperatures and cooling down quickly. This process kills many possible pathogens and increases the shelf life of milk to a better extent. (1 day to 2 days)
  • So the correct answer is 'Boiling, Refrigerating, and Pasteurizing'.
Multiple choice biology plant growth other plant hormones cytokinins, ethylene and abscisic acid plant hormones

Bananas can be prevented from overripening by

  1. Maintaining them at room temperature

  2. Refrigeration

  3. Dipping in ascorbic acid solution

  4. Storing in a freezer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During ripening process, plants produce ethylene gas. To prevent overripening of bananas, the chemical reaction of ripening process needs to slow down. Cold temperatures will slow down the reaction and hence delay the ripening of banana. However, storing in freezer will slow down the ethylene emission more than refrigerating it.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Apples are generally wrapped in waxed paper to

  1. Prevent sunlight for changing its colour
  2. Prevent aerobic respiration by checking the entry of $O _2$

  3. Prevent ethylene formation due to injury

  4. Make the apples look attractive
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Apples are wrapped with waxes after they are harvested to increase their shelf life till they reach the end consumer. The waxing process closes the pores present on the fruit preventing exchange of gases, thus reduced catabolism and senescence.

So, the correct answer is 'Prevent aerobic respiration by checking the entry of  $O _2$

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Sodium benzoate is used to preserve

  1. Meat

  2. Fish

  3. Dairy product

  4. Fruit cocktail
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium benzoate is a common chemical preservative used to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria in acidic foods. It is widely used in fruit-based products like fruit cocktails, juices, and jams.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Which of the following are commonly used as food preservatives?

  1. Boric acid and zinc phosphide

  2. Bleaching powder and chlorine compounds

  3. 2, 4-D and zinc phosphide

  4. Sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Food preservatives are chemicals that are used to inhibit microbial growth in food. These chemicals are food additives and increase the shelf life of food. Sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite are the common food preservatives used in jams, jellies etc. Thus the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Heating milk at 65$^o$C followed by sudden cooling is known as

  1. Sterilization

  2. Preservation

  3. Pasteurization

  4. Fermentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pasteurization is a heat treatment process where the milk is heated at 60-70$^0$C for 15 to 30 seconds and suddenly chilled and store. This method is used to kill the bacteria in liquid and foods and inhibits their further growth. It is named for the French scientist, Louis Pasteur, who gave this preservation technique in the 1860s.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Pasteurised milk is

  1. Sterile and will not turn sour

  2. Free from pathogenic bacteria

  3. Not free from bacteria

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pasteurization is the preservation technique of milk. It is used 

  1. To increase milk safety for the consumer by destroying disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens) that may be present in milk.
  2. To increase keeping the quality of milk products by destroying spoilage microorganisms and enzymes that contribute to the reduced quality and shelf life of milk.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Pasteurization means_____________

  1. Vaccination of a baby against smallpox
  2. Sterilization in steam cooker at 100$^{\circ}$C
  3. Heating milk or other liquids to 60$^{\circ}$C to 70$^{\circ}$C for short duration

  4. A technique of curing people bitten by mad dogs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pasteurization is a heat treatment process where the milk is heated at 70$^0$C for 15 to 30 seconds and suddenly chilled and store. This method is used to kill the bacteria in liquid and foods and inhibits their further growth. It is named for the French scientist, Louis Pasteur, who gave this preservation technique in the 1860s. Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Food spoilage can be prevented by

  1. Heating of food

  2. Using chemicals

  3. Canning

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When the food is not edible to humans or its quality of edibility becomes reduced is called as food spoilage and the food which get easily spoiled called as perishable food. Various external factors are responsible for the spoilage of food.

A number of methods of prevention can be used that can either totally prevent, delay, or otherwise reduce food spoilage such as the addition of chemical preservatives, refrigeration, Freezing, boiling of foods above the danger zone (140$^{\circ}$F/58$^{\circ}$C) for over 24 hours and canning of food can preserve food for a particularly long period of time. Thus, the correct answer is option D.