Famous Personalities and Discoveries

Edwin Hubble discovered cosmic expansion in 1929 by observing that distant galaxies are moving away from us, with more distant galaxies receding faster (Hubble's Law). This was the first evidence that the universe is expanding.

Euclid is widely regarded as the 'father of geometry' for his work 'Elements' (c. 300 BCE), which systematically presented the principles of geometry. While Pythagoras contributed the famous theorem, Euclid's axiomatic approach earned him this title. Aristotle studied logic and Kepler focused on astronomy.

Gregor Mendel is known as the father of modern genetics for his work on pea plants in the mid-19th century. He discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through his experiments. St. Thomas Abbey is where he worked, not a person.

Euclid is known as the 'Father of Geometry' for his work 'Elements', which systematically presented the principles of geometry. While Pythagoras contributed the famous theorem, and Aristotle and Kepler made significant contributions to mathematics and science, Euclid's systematic approach earned him this title.

Nicolaus Copernicus formulated the heliocentric model in the 16th century, showing that Earth revolves around the Sun. This replaced the geocentric (Earth-centered) model that had dominated for centuries.

Charles Richter developed the Richter magnitude scale in 1935 at CalTech to measure earthquake magnitude. The scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number increase represents approximately 31.6 times more energy release and 10 times more ground motion.

Halley's Comet is named after Edmond Halley, the English astronomer who calculated its orbit and predicted its return in 1758. He was the first to recognize that the comet seen in 1531, 1607, and 1682 was the same object returning periodically. Halley did not discover the comet but correctly predicted its 76-year orbital period.

Georges Lemaître, a Belgian Catholic priest and physicist, first proposed what became known as the Big Bang Theory in 1927. He called it the 'hypothesis of the primeval atom,' describing the universe's expansion from an initial dense state.

Uranus was discovered by William Herschel in 1781. Option C (Herschel) is the correct answer.

Euclid is known as the 'Father of Geometry' for his work 'Elements', which systematically presented the principles of geometry and established the axiomatic method. While Pythagoras contributed the famous theorem, Euclid's comprehensive geometric framework earned him this title.

Galileo Galilei made multiple groundbreaking contributions: he improved the telescope (not invented it), discovered four of Jupiter's moons, and studied pendulum motion for timekeeping. While he did not invent the telescope, his astronomical discoveries and pendulum studies were revolutionary.

Isaac Newton (physicist), Thomas Hardy (novelist), and Elton John (musician) are all from the United Kingdom. Option D incorrectly includes Madonna (American). Option B lists Americans like Edison and Beyonce. Option C includes Samuel Morse (American).

Charles Richter developed the Richter scale in 1935 at Caltech to measure earthquake magnitude. This logarithmic scale quantifies the energy released by seismic events, with each whole number increase representing ten times more amplitude.