Environmental Studies · General Awareness

International Environmental Treaties

1,935 Questions

International environmental treaties are critical agreements governing global sustainability, waste management, and climate change protocols. These topics are essential components of the general awareness syllabus for UPSC, banking, and SSC exams. Practice these questions to master global conventions.

Paris and Kyoto protocolsOzone layer treatiesHazardous waste agreementsOuter space treatiesCSR sustainability reporting

International Environmental Treaties Questions

Multiple choice geography environmental changes atmosphere as a green house global warming and climate change energy from the sun

Which amendment was agreed to phase down HFCs under the Montreal Protocol?

  1. Paris Amendment

  2. New York Amendment

  3. London Amendment

  4. Kigali Amendment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Under Montreal Protocol,1987 the Kigali Amendment was agreed to phase down HFCs(HydroFluoroCarbons). It was on 15th October 2016 under United States leadership, 197 countries adopted this amendment under the Montreal Protocol in Kigali, Rwanda. It came into force on 1 January 2019. Under this amendment, the member States promised to reduce the production and consumption of HFCs by more than 80% over the next 30years.

Multiple choice social studies environment in its totality alternatives for minimising depletion of natural resources components of environment effects and successes of environment conservation

Montreal Protocol was a global agreement to protect the ________.  

  1. Forest

  2. Ozone layer

  3. Atmosphere

  4. Wild Animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete ozone layer is a landmark international agreement held under the aegis of United Nations for protection of stratospheric ozone layer. It was signed and finalized in 1987 and subsequently amended in 1990 and 1992. It stipulates phasing out the production of substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was ratified by almost all countries globally and came into force on 26 August 1987. 197 countries who were the member of UN ratified this protocol.

Multiple choice political science law and social justice justice effects of social inequalities and social justice now meeta knows

Which of the following protocols on Biosafety (under the convention on biological diversity) is the world's first such attempt to hold operators responsible for damage both from imminent and real threats from the use of new technology?

  1. The Kyoto Protocol

  2. The Humes Protocol

  3. The Montreal Protocol

  4. The Cartagena Protocol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling, transport and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health. It was adopted on 29 January 2000 and entered into force on 11 September 2003.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Appropriate measures to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions are the commitments of the:

  1. Montreal protocol

  2. Environment Act

  3. Kyoto protocol

  4. Earth Summit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kyoto protocol was formally adopted in December, 1997 in an international conference held in Kyoto Japan. The protocol obtained commitments from different countries for reducing overall green house gas emissions at a level of 5 percent below 1990 level by 2008 to 2012 for different countries.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control


'Kyoto protocol' is a multinational treaty for

  1. phasing out green house gases

  2. conservation of biodiversity

  3. controlling ozone destroying substances

  4. management of hazardous wastes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kyoto Protocol was adopted in the year 1997  in Kyoto, Japan. It's objective is to phase out the greenhouse gases that are responsible for global warming and climate change.

So, the correct answer is option A, phasing out green house gases.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

An international treaty known as Montreal Protocol was signed to control emission of

  1. UV rays

  2. Ozone

  3. CFC

  4. Oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Montreal Protocol is treaty on the release of substance that deplete the ozone layer. CFC is the main substance that destruct the ozone layer into $O _2$ and nascent oxygen in the presence of UV rays. Thus, the correct answer is 'CFC'.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Which one of the following is wrong?

  1. Rio convention - air pollution

  2. Kyoto protocol- climate change

  3. Montreal protocol- ozone depletion

  4. Ramsar convention- Wetland conservation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro, also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. It resulted in the convention on biodiversity, a multilateral treaty. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included: conservation of biodiversity; sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the genetic resources. It was not related to air pollution.

So, the correct answer is 'Rio convention - air pollution'.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Protection of ozone is related to which of the following? 

  1. Montreal Protocol - 1987

  2. Kyoto Protocol - 1997

  3. Ramsar Convention - 1974

  4. Basel Convention - 1980
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Recognising the deleterious effects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (Canada) in 1987 (effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Montreal protocol is related to 

  1. Ozone depletion

  2. Global warming

  3. Climatic changes

  4. Biodiversity hot spot
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Recognising the deleterious effects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the 'Montreal protocol', was signed at Montreal (Canada) in 1987 (effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Global agreement in specific control strategies to reduce the release of ozone depleting substances, was adopted by

  1. The Kyoto Protocol

  2. The Vienna Convention

  3. Rio de Janeiro Conference

  4. The Montreal Protocol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Recognising the deleterious effects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (Canada) in 1987 (effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances. 

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

With which among the following subjects, the Agenda 21, that came out of Earth Summit 1992, explicitly deals with?

  1. Green House Gases

  2. Climate Changes

  3. Sustainability

  4. Ozone Layer Protection
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally, and locally by organizations of the United Nations System, governments, and major groups in every area in which human impacts on the environment occur, with a primary focus on sustainable development.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Global agreement in specific control strategies to reduce the release of ozone depleting substances was adopted by

  1. Rio de Janeiro Conference

  2. The Montreal Protocol

  3. The Koyoto Protocol

  4. The Vienna convention
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Montreal protocol came into force on 16 Sept, 1987, when 27 industrialised countries agree to limit production of chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs to half the level of 1986. CFCs are the major pollutants responsible for ozone destruction and depletion.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Montreal Protocol refers to

  1. Substances that deplete ozone layer

  2. Persistant organic pollutants

  3. Global warming and climate change

  4. Biosafety of genetically modified organisms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was signed in 1987 and finalised in 1989 under the aegis of the United Nations. It provided a treatise to phase out the eight recognised ozone-depleting substances from usage and searching for their alternatives. It is binding on the countries who have ratified it, so it has shown some remarkable success. 

A. Montreal Protocol refers to substances that deplete the ozone layer
B. Stockholm convention was signed for persistent organic pollutants.

C. Kyoto Protocol was signed for global warming and climate change.
D. Cartagena Protocol was signed for biosafety of genetically modified organisms.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Substances that deplete the ozone layer'

Multiple choice economics environment pollution international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Appropriate measure to reduce overall green house gas emissions are commitments of

  1. Kyoto Protocol

  2. Montreal Protocol

  3. Environment Act

  4. Earth Summit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Kyoto Protocol was signed in 1997 under the aegis of United Nations Framework for Climate Change (UNFCC) in 1997 and got effective from 2005. It is the only legally binding protocol to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, CFCs, sulphur hexafluoride etc. Its first commitment period provided for 5% reduction.

A. Kyoto Protocol provides for greenhouse gas emission reduction.
B. Montreal Protocol provides for phasing out of ozone-depleting substances,
C. Environment Act is the domestic law providing for various environmental-related activities and their penalization when not followed.
D. Earth Summit of 1991 provided for measures to be adopted to have sustainable development.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Kyoto Protocol'.