International Environmental Treaties

The Kyoto Protocol (1997) is an international treaty under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It commits developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, establishing binding targets for combatting global climate change. It is not related to trade, cybercrime, or drug trafficking.

The Earth Summit was held in 1992 at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Its main objective was conservation of biological diversity.

 Kyoto Protocol : Climatic change This is the correct option among the all options provided. Montreal Protocol was on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. The Basel Convention was on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal. The Ramsar Convention was Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat.

The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (ABS) to the Convention on Biological Diversity is a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity.

The 1987 Montreal Protocol was signed to phase out the use of CFC's, found to be causing depletion of the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion. 

Statement 1 is wrong: A carbon credit is a generic term for any tradable certificate or permit representing the right to emit carbon dioxide. One carbon credit is equal to one metric tonne of carbon dioxide, or in some markets, carbon dioxide equivalent gases.

Statement 2 is wrong: The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the flexibility mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol that provides for emissions reduction projects which generate Certified Emission Reduction units which may be traded in emissions trading schemes.

The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty adopted in 1997 that commits industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It took effect in February 2005 and is directly aimed at combating global warming and climate change by setting binding emission reduction targets for developed nations.

Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants is an international environmental treaty, signed in 2001 and effective from May 2004, which aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

The United Nations conference on environment and development is also known as the Rio summit or the earth summit. This was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to June 14, 1992. 172 governments participated, with 108 sending their heads of state or government.

The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international treaty that sets binding obligations on industrialised countries to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. The UNFCCC is an environmental treaty with the goal of preventing dangerous anthropogenic (i.e., human-induced) interference of the climate system.

International treaties are binding agreements between nations that create legal obligations. They are foundational to international law as they establish rules for interstate relations and form the primary method of creating international legal norms.

The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer is a Multilateral Environmental Agreement. It was agreed upon at the Vienna Conference of 1985 and entered into force in 1988.

Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants is an international environmental treaty, signed in 2001 and effective from May 2004, that aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Montreal Protocol, Kyoto Protocol and Vienna Protocol are international treaties signed to protect the ozone layer.

The Cartagena Protocol on biosafety is an international agreement on biosafety, as a supplement to the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Biosafety Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by genetically modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology.

The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance: This Convention, also known as the Ramsar Convention, was signed in Ramsar (Iran) in 1971 and came into force in December 1975. It provides a framework for international cooperation for the conservation of wetland habitats which have been designated to the 'List of Wetlands of International Importance'.