Biology

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

674 Questions

Endocrine and metabolic disorders focus on diseases caused by hormonal imbalances, such as goitre, diabetes mellitus, and hyperthyroidism. Test takers will find questions related to disease causes, diagnostic tests like Cushing's syndrome indicators, and clinical treatments. This is a crucial biology topic frequently asked in medical entrance and public service commission examinations.

Thyroid gland disordersGoitre causesDiabetes mellitus characteristicsHyperthyroidism treatmentsGrowth hormone deficiency

Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

What is the treatment of choice for Cushing's syndrome caused by an adrenal adenoma?

  1. Transsphenoidal surgery

  2. Adrenalectomy

  3. Medical therapy

  4. Radiation therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The treatment of choice for Cushing's syndrome caused by an adrenal adenoma is adrenalectomy.

Multiple choice

What is the treatment of choice for Cushing's syndrome caused by ectopic ACTH production?

  1. Transsphenoidal surgery

  2. Adrenalectomy

  3. Medical therapy

  4. Radiation therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The treatment of choice for Cushing's syndrome caused by ectopic ACTH production is medical therapy.

Multiple choice

What are the potential complications of Cushing's syndrome?

  1. Cardiovascular disease

  2. Stroke

  3. Diabetes mellitus

  4. Osteoporosis

  5. Infection

  6. Psychiatric disorders
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Cushing's syndrome can lead to a number of potential complications, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, infection, and psychiatric disorders.

Multiple choice

What is the prognosis of Cushing's syndrome?

  1. Excellent with early diagnosis and treatment

  2. Poor with late diagnosis and treatment

  3. Depends on the underlying cause

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The prognosis of Cushing's syndrome depends on a number of factors, including the underlying cause, the severity of the disease, and the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of Cushing's syndrome?

  1. Central obesity

  2. Moon face

  3. Buffalo hump

  4. Striae

  5. Hirsutism

  6. Hyperthyroidism

  7. Osteoporosis

  8. Muscle weakness

  9. Easy bruising

  10. Delayed wound healing

  11. Mood changes

  12. Cognitive impairment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
F Correct answer
Explanation

Hyperthyroidism is not a clinical manifestation of Cushing's syndrome.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of Cushing's syndrome?

  1. Cardiovascular disease

  2. Stroke

  3. Diabetes mellitus

  4. Osteoporosis

  5. Infection

  6. Hyperthyroidism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
F Correct answer
Explanation

Hyperthyroidism is not a potential complication of Cushing's syndrome.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the prognosis of Cushing's syndrome?

  1. Underlying cause

  2. Severity of the disease

  3. Timeliness of diagnosis and treatment

  4. Patient's age

  5. Patient's gender
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Patient's gender is not a factor that affects the prognosis of Cushing's syndrome.

Multiple choice

What is the primary cause of Type 1 diabetes?

  1. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas

  2. Insulin resistance

  3. Genetic predisposition

  4. Environmental factors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Type 1 diabetes is caused by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin.

Multiple choice

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?

  1. Graves' disease

  2. Toxic multinodular goiter

  3. Toxic adenoma

  4. Subacute thyroiditis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating antibodies.

Multiple choice

What is Cushing's syndrome?

  1. A condition caused by excessive production of cortisol

  2. A condition caused by insufficient production of cortisol

  3. A condition caused by excessive production of aldosterone

  4. A condition caused by insufficient production of aldosterone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cushing's syndrome is a condition caused by excessive production of cortisol, leading to a variety of symptoms including weight gain, high blood pressure, and diabetes.

Multiple choice

What is Addison's disease?

  1. A condition caused by excessive production of cortisol

  2. A condition caused by insufficient production of cortisol

  3. A condition caused by excessive production of aldosterone

  4. A condition caused by insufficient production of aldosterone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Addison's disease is a condition caused by insufficient production of cortisol, leading to a variety of symptoms including weight loss, fatigue, and low blood pressure.

Multiple choice

What is acromegaly?

  1. A condition caused by excessive production of growth hormone

  2. A condition caused by insufficient production of growth hormone

  3. A condition caused by excessive production of prolactin

  4. A condition caused by insufficient production of prolactin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Acromegaly is a condition caused by excessive production of growth hormone, leading to abnormal growth of bones and soft tissues.

Multiple choice

What is gigantism?

  1. A condition caused by excessive production of growth hormone in childhood

  2. A condition caused by insufficient production of growth hormone in childhood

  3. A condition caused by excessive production of prolactin in childhood

  4. A condition caused by insufficient production of prolactin in childhood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gigantism is a condition caused by excessive production of growth hormone in childhood, leading to excessive growth and height.

Multiple choice

What is hyperparathyroidism?

  1. A condition caused by excessive production of PTH

  2. A condition caused by insufficient production of PTH

  3. A condition caused by excessive production of calcitonin

  4. A condition caused by insufficient production of calcitonin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hyperparathyroidism is a condition caused by excessive production of PTH, leading to high levels of calcium in the blood and a variety of symptoms including kidney stones, bone pain, and fatigue.

Multiple choice

What is hypoparathyroidism?

  1. A condition caused by excessive production of PTH

  2. A condition caused by insufficient production of PTH

  3. A condition caused by excessive production of calcitonin

  4. A condition caused by insufficient production of calcitonin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hypoparathyroidism is a condition caused by insufficient production of PTH, leading to low levels of calcium in the blood and a variety of symptoms including muscle cramps, seizures, and cataracts.