Environmental Studies · Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,739 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The major sub-divisions of biosphere are

  1. Soil, water and hydrosphere

  2. Soil, atmosphere and lithosphere

  3. Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere

  4. Atmosphere, lithosphere and air
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The biosphere is defined as the part of Earth, which is habituated. There are different subdivisions of biosphere. These are known as -

1. Hydrosphere 
2. Lithosphere 
3. Atmosphere. 
They interact with each other and do not occur alone. They provide a crucial role in the existence of organisms.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

A man-made microecosystem is

  1. Plants grown in a pond

  2. Crop field

  3. Tank formed naturally in your courtyard

  4. Lake in a forest
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ecosystem is made up of living and nonliving components. It is of two types, natural ecosystem and artificial ecosystem. Natural ecosystem is also called as macroecosystem. Artificial ecosystem is called as microsystem. Microecosystems can exist in locations which are precisely defined by critical environmental factors within small or tiny spaces. A man-made microecosystem is crop field. It is independent of solar energy. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Crop field.'

Multiple choice

What is biodiversity?

  1. The total number of plants in an area.

  2. The range of different species.

  3. The different animals in the forests.

  4. The different characteristics of an animal species.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biodiversity is defined as the variety of all living organisms on Earth or in a particular ecosystem. It encompasses the range of different species present.

Multiple choice

Biomes

  1. contain tow ecosystems hence the name biome

  2. usually described by their vegetation

  3. exist in limited regions of the world

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biomes are large regional areas characterized by specific climate conditions and the dominant types of vegetation that have adapted to those conditions.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation biodiversity losses biodiversity loss and need for conservation environmental conservation and biodiversity

Which of the following is correctly matched?

  1. Stratification- Population

  2. <p>Aerenchyma- Opuntia</p>

  3. Age pyramid- Biome

  4. <p>Parthenium- Threat to biodiversity</p>
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenium or carrot grass is an alien species. When alien species are introduced unintentionally or deliberately for whatever purpose, some of them turn invasive and cause decline or extinction of indigenous species. Such species are also called exotic or introduced species. Thus, Parthenium is a threat to biodiversity as it competes with our local species for the limited resources. So, the correct answer is 'Parthenium- Threat to biodiversity'.

Multiple choice evs i love gujarat flora and fauna in forest ecosystem threatened species need of conservation

Which of the following terms is used for the plants belonging to a particular region?

  1. Fauna

  2. Flora

  3. Ecosystem

  4. Producer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time.
Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice evs i love gujarat flora and fauna in forest ecosystem threatened species need of conservation

Human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries and livestocks are 

  1. Abiotic resources

  2. Biotic resources

  3. Potential resources

  4. Actual resources
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The living components of an ecosystem are known as biotic resources. These include human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries and livestock. Flora means the plants and fauna means the animals of the particular area. The components of the ecosystem interacts with each other and are interdependent on each other for their need of survival. The human activities like deforestation and pollution are a major threat to the biotic resources.

Multiple choice evs i love gujarat flora and fauna in forest ecosystem threatened species need of conservation

Flora and fauna can be defined as

  1. Flora- The community of animals in a specific region or habitatFauna- The plant life of particular area

  2. Flora- The plant life of particular areaFauna- The community of animals in a specific region or habitat

  3. Flora- The aquatic life of particular areaFauna- The community of animals in a specific region or habitat

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Flora is the plant life existing in a particular area. Fauna is the animal life which is present in the particular area. The type of flora and fauna found in a particular region determines the biodiversity in a particular region. The biodiversity in a particular geographical location depends on abiotic factors like soil, water, air, wind etc.

Multiple choice evs i love gujarat flora and fauna in forest ecosystem threatened species need of conservation

Flora and fauna are

  1. Renewable and non-living resources

  2. Non-renewable and living resources

  3. Renewable and living resources

  4. Non-renewable and non-living resources
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Flora is the plant life of a particular region, habitat or time. Fauna is the animal life occurring in a particular region, habitat or time.
  • These are a typical collection of plants or animals found in a specific time or place. An example of flora is North American flora, which contains Cannabaceae endlicher family of plants.
  • An example of fauna is Sonoran Desert fauna. They form an important renewable natural resource.
  • They are renewable resources as both plants and animals can reproduce and thus are replenished in an ecosystem.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs i love gujarat flora and fauna in forest ecosystem threatened species need of conservation

The flora, fauna and microorganisms are collectively called as 

  1. Biosphere

  2. Biome

  3. Biota

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Flora is considered as the plant life found in a particular region at a time. The fauna is considered as the animal life of that region. The flora, fauna, microorganisms and all the other life forms in the particular region is together known as biota. This is the collection of the life forms in a particular region at a particular period. The whole biota on the Earth is responsible for the composition of biosphere.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice evs insectivorous plants meaning of an ecosystem food chain and food web components of environment and their interdependencies

Identify which one of the following is an example of incomplete ecosystem?

  1. Grassland

  2. Cave

  3. River

  4. Wetland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem is a segment of nature or biosphere consisting of a community of living beings and the abiotic or physical environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them. An ecosystem which lacks one or the other component is called as an 'Incomplete ecosystem', e.g., sea bottom and caves where sunlight may not reach and consequently photoautotrophs or green plants may not flourish; freshly formed rain water pond where plants may not have well settled and a pond formed in rains may be temporary also.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs insectivorous plants meaning of an ecosystem food chain and food web components of environment and their interdependencies

Which pair is not correctly related?

  1. GPP - Photosynthetic organisms

  2. Middle strata of forest ecosystem - Shrubs

  3. Abundance of decomposers - Sea surface

  4. Flow of energy - Always unidirectional
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A. Gross primary productivity (GPP) is a term used to describe the rate at which plants and other photosynthetic organisms produce organic compounds in an ecosystem. Hence 'GPP - Photosynthetic organisms' are related to each other.

B. Stratification is the layering of habitats within an ecosystem with the presence of distinctive physical and biological boundaries between the strata (layers). In a temperate deciduous forest, you typically have 5 vertical layers: the canopy layer, the sapling layer, the shrub layer, the herbaceous layer, and the moss layer. Hence 'Middle strata of forest ecosystem - Shrubs' are related to each other.
C. The cycling of materials such as carbon, water, and other nutrients is mainly dependent upon soil-dwelling decomposer organisms such as bacteria fungi, earthworms, and insects. Bacteria and fungi are the most abundant of the microbial decomposers. Hence the sea surface is not a decomposer 'Abundance of decomposers - Sea surface' are not related to each other.
D. The flow of energy in food chains is unidirectional. The energy which passes to the herbivores does not come back to the autotrophs. The energy that is captured by the autotrophs does not revert back to the Sun. Hence 'Flow of energy - Always unidirectional' are related to each other.
So the answer is option C 'Abundance of decomposers - Sea surface'.