Environmental Studies · Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,739 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice evs digestion of food types of ecological pyramids the muscular system and digestive system in human beings introduction to human digestive system

Ecological pyramids are of

  1. Two types

  2. Three types

  3. Four types

  4. Five types
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A pyramid-shaped diagram represents quantity wise numbers of organisms, energy relationships, and biomass of an ecosystem; In lower trophic levels number of organisms are high(plants) and at the highest trophic level, lesser number as some energy is lost as heat, in each transformation. This relationship is sometimes called an ecological pyramid.  The ecological pyramids represent the trophic structure and also trophic function of the ecosystem. In many ecological pyramids, the producer form the base and the successive trophic levels make up the apex. The ecological pyramids may be of following three kinds-

Pyramid of Number- It is the arrangement of trophic level on the basis of the number of organism present at each stage.
Pyramid of Biomass-  It is the arrangement of trophic level on the basis of biomass present at each trophic levels.
Pyramid of Energy- It is the arrangement of trophic level on the basis of energy flow between them.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

Basic unit of ecological hierarchy is

  1. Ecosystem

  2. Biological community

  3. Population

  4. Individual
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The basic unit of ecological hierarchy is individual because a community starts building from an individual which grows onto form an entire ecosystem. 

It cannot be Ecosystem as that is one of the largest unit in hierarchy. Many biological communities together form an ecosystem and many individuals in a given space form a population. The ecological hierarchy goes like this: individual---> population---> community ----> ecosystem ----> biome ---> biosphere. So the correct answer is 'Individual'. 

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The habitable part of the earth is called

  1. Soil

  2. Lithosphere

  3. Biosphere

  4. Biome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The biosphere is made up of the parts of Earth where life exists, but there is uneven distribution of living organisms in the biosphere. The biosphere extends from the deepest root systems of trees, to the dark environment of ocean trenches, to lush rain forests and high mountains.
Scientists describe the Earth in terms of spheres - Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere. Since life exists on the ground, in the air, and in the water, biosphere overlaps all these spheres. Biosphere has existed for about 3.5 billion years.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

All the living organisms and non-living factors of the Earth constitute

  1. Biosphere

  2. Community

  3. Biome

  4. Association
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms (biotic) and the nonliving (abiotic) factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. It is a relatively thin life-supporting stratum of Earth's surface, extending from a few kilometres into the atmosphere to the deep-sea vents of the ocean. 

Biomes are very large ecological areas on the Earth's surface, with fauna and flora (animals and plants) adapting to their environment. 
A community is a collection of species populations.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

Another term for ecosystem is  

  1. Community

  2. Population

  3. Biosphere

  4. Biome

  5. Trophic level
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

All the biotic and the abiotic components together form biosphere or ecosystem. A biosphere is composed of all living organisms and nonliving things. The population is the number of individuals in a given area. Biome includes all flora and fauna. A trophic level is defined as the position of an individual in the food chain. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The plants and animals living in a given area form

  1. Biological community

  2. Ecotone

  3. Biome

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Biological or biotic community is an assemblage of populations of different species of bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, which live in a particular area and interact with one another through competition, predation, mutualism etc. Each biotic community has a specific composition and structure. 

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

A community is of

  1. A group of birds

  2. A collection of species

  3. Interacting populations

  4. An interactive ecosystem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biological or biotic community is an assemblage of populations of different species of plants, animals, bacteria and fungi which live in a particular area and interact with one another through competition, predation, mutualism etc. Each biotic community has a specific composition and structure e.g., pond community.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The species of plants, that play a vital role in controlling the relative abundance of other species in a community are called as

  1. Edge species

  2. Link species

  3. Keystone species

  4. Pioneer species

  5. Successional species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Keystone species is a species, which has a significant and disproportionately large influence on the community structure and characteristics. It has often considerable low abundance and biomass as compared to dominant species. Removal or decrease in number of keystone species causes serious disruptions in structure and function of community.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

Term 'biosphere' is used for the zone of Earth, where life exists

  1. On lithosphere

  2. In the hydrosphere

  3. In the lithosphere and hydrosphere

  4. In the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biosphere  is biologically inhabited part of Earth, along with its physical environment consisting of lower atmosphere, land and water bodies in other words-atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The part of Earth and atmosphere supporting life is

  1. Biosphere

  2. Biome

  3. Ecotone

  4. Biota
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Biosphere is biologically inhabited part of earth along with its physical environment consisting of lower atmosphere, land and water bodies.
Biome is a large regional unit delimited by a specific climatic zone, having a particular major vegetation zone and its associated fauna eg tundra desert, ocean etc. 
Ecotone is the transition zone between two communities, e.g., forest and grassland.
Biota is a general term, which refers to living organisms.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

A man - made ecosystem is

  1. Less in diversity

  2. More in diversity

  3. Man does not make ecosystem

  4. More stable then natural ecosystem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Man made or artificial ecosystems have low stability. Because usually man is interested in only a few economically beneficial species only and only those species will be used by man to create an ecosystem e.g., agriculture field is a man made artificial ecosystem having only those plants which are economically beneficial. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

Large unit of land having different types of plants and animals is known as

  1. Uniform vegetation

  2. Biome

  3. Ecosystem

  4. Niche
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biome is a large regional unit delimited by a specific climatic zone, having a particular major vegetation zone and its associated fauna. For example, tundra desert, temperate deciduous forests etc. 

Biome is different from ecosystem. it can be understood as a huge ecosystem or the biggest ecosystem on earth. 
Niche is altogether a different concept. Niche is related to ecological role of a species.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The living organisms of all ecosystems collectively consitute

  1. Producers

  2. Decomposers

  3. Consumers

  4. Biosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ecosystem is a segment of nature or biosphere consisting of a community of living beings and the abiotic or physical environment both interacting and exchanging materials between them.

The living organisms or biotic components of all the natural ecosystem put together, constitutes the biosphere of Earth.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life level of biological organization in animals introduction to tissues basics of ecology

The highest level of ecological hierarchy is

  1. Ecosystem

  2. Biosphere

  3. Biome

  4. Landscape
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The highest level of ecological hierarchy is biosphere because it consists of the surface and atmosphere of earth or another planet.  It cannot be ecosystem because that consists of only biological communites, similarly, it cannot be biomes because a biome consists of many ecosystems but is a part of the biosphere, it cannot be a landscape because it is a land that does not have a fixed natural boundary. 

So the correct answer is 'Biosphere'.