Biology · General Awareness

Disease Vectors and Pathogens

844 Questions

Disease vectors and pathogens examine how organisms like Plasmodium and Leishmania transmit infections. Test items require matching vectors to specific diseases. Studying these life cycles is essential for scoring well.

Plasmodium infective stagesDisease transmission modesDisease vectors and fleasIntracellular parasitesElephantiasis causes

Disease Vectors and Pathogens Questions

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Phlebotomus argentipes is a vector for

  1. Trypanosoma evansi

  2. Trypanosoma gambiense

  3. Leishmania donovani

  4. Trypanosoma cruzi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Phlebotomus argentipes is a vector of visceral leishmaniasis, an important parasitic disease. The female sand-fly carries the Leishmania donovani protozoa from infected animals after feeding, thus transmitting disease. Phlebotomus is a genus of sand-flies in the Diptera family.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Leishmania donovani'.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which one of the following conditions though harmful in itself, is also a potential saviour from a mosquito borne infectious disease?

  1. Thalassaemia

  2. Sickle ceIl anaemia

  3. Pernicious anaemia

  4. Leukemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sickle cell trait provides a survival advantage over people with normal hemoglobin in regions where malaria is endemic. The trait is known to cause significantly fewer deaths due to malaria, especially when Plasmodium falciparum is the causative organism. Sickle trait erythrocytes produce higher levels of the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide than do normal erythrocytes, both are toxic to malarial parasites. The sickle cell trait was found to be 50% protective against mild clinical malaria, 75% protective against admission to the hospital for malaria, and almost 90% protective against severe or complicated malaria.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B), 'Sickle ceIl anaemia'.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Leishmania donovani is responsible for 

  1. African sleeping sickness

  2. American sleeping sickness

  3. Kala-azar

  4. Encephalitis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kala azar is also called as black fever or dumdum fever or visceral leishmaniasis. It is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus, especially Leishmania donovani. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Trypanosoma cruzi is responsible for

  1. Neuroblastoma

  2. Chaga's disease

  3. Amoebiasis

  4. Atheroscelorosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

'Chagas disease' is also called as American trypanosomiasis. It is a tropical parasitic disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. It mostly spreads by insects, knwon as Triatominae or kissing bugs.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Sleeping sickness is due to the bite of 

  1. Sand fly

  2. Tsetse fly

  3. Bed bug

  4. White fly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sleeping sickness is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly (Glossina genus) bites, which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harbouring the human pathogenic parasites. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Causative agent and vector responsible for African sleeping sickness

  1. Trypanosoma cruzi carried by tsetse fly

  2. Trypanosoma gambiense carried by Glossina palpalis

  3. Wuchereria bonchrofti carried by sand fly

  4. Taenia solium by eating measly pork
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Human African trypanosomiasis is also known as sleeping sickness. It is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma gambiense. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly (Glossina Palpalis) bites, which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harboring the human pathogenic parasites. Hence, option B is correct.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

'Glossina palpalis' is a vector for

  1. Dengue

  2. Filariasis

  3. Gambian fever

  4. Plague
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Trypanosomiasis is Gambian fever. It is transmitted to man and animals by a blood sucking insect, the tsetse fly. The tsetse flies include all the species in the genus Glossina.
Glossina palpalis is a tsetse fly and is a vector for Gambian fever.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which of the following is a human parasitic protozoan found in the mouth attacking gums and teeth? 

  1. Entamoeba gingivalis

  2. Entamoeba coli

  3. Entamoeba histolytica

  4. Giardia intestinalis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Entamoeba gingivalis is a parasitic protozoan found in the mouth inside the gingival pocket biofilm near the base of the teeth and in periodontal pockets mostly in people with gum disease. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which of the following protozoa is responsible for causing the disease leucorrhoea? 

  1. Trichomonas vaginalis

  2. Leishmania

  3. Trypanosoma

  4. Giardia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Leucorrhoea, commonly known as whites, refers to a whitish discharge from the female genitals caused by the presence of infection in vaginal tissues. 

Trichomoniasis is a vaginal infection caused by the protozoa, Trichomonas vaginalis. It can be found in both men and women. 
Trichomoniasis is usually transmitted by sexual intercourse, but is also transmitted by common washing of clothes, towels, bathing suits, underwear or any moist object. 
Usually the woman complains of a thin, yellow to grey vaginal discharge, which is often foamy and has an unpleasant odour. There may be some itching and redness noted around and inside the vagina. 

Multiple choice zoology why classification? nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification nomenclature of animals

Scientific name of Asian Tiger Mosquito is

  1. Aedes taemiorhyncus

  2. Aedes aegypti

  3. Aedes albopictus

  4. Aedes albolineatus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Aedes albopictus is scientific name of Asian tiger mosquito.
  • Aedes aegypti is scientific name of Yellow fever mosquito.
  • Aedes taemiorhncus and Aedes albolineatus are other species of mosquito.
So, the correct option is 'Aedes albopictus'.

Multiple choice biology classification of plants monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

The of life cycle of malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax, that occurs in female Anopheles is _______________.

  1. Sexual cycle

  2. Pre-erythrocytic schizogony

  3. Exoerythrocytic schizogony

  4. Post-erythrocytic schizogony
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

P. vivax is a causative agent of malaria. The life cycle of Plasmodium is characterized by an exogenous sexual phase (sporogony), in which multiplication occurs in female Anopheles mosquitos and an endogenous asexual phase (schizogony) which take place in the RBCs of the infected host. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted through

  1. Insect bite

  2. Bird dropping

  3. Improperly cooked pork meat

  4. Food or water contaminated with cysts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan protist. It is pathogenic in nature. It resides in the upper part of the human large intestine and causes the disease known as amoebic dysentery or amoebiasis. The symptoms of the disease are abdominal pain, repeated motions with blood and mucus. Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted through food or water contaminated with cysts. A mature cyst is called quadri-nucleate cyst. It has four nuclei and two chromatid bodies. Quadrinucleate cyst is the infective stage.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Parasitic, flagellated protozoans of tropical regions known as trypanosomes are associated with which one of the following diseases?

  1. Amoebic dysentery

  2. Down syndrome

  3. Syphilis

  4. African sleeping sickness and chagas disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Trypanosoma parasites cause sleeping sickness or African trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease which is found in sub-Saharan Africa.

So, the correct option is 'African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease'.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and hygiene diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Infective stages of malarial parasite is found in?

  1. Salivary glands of mosquito

  2. Intestine of mosquito

  3. Haemolymph of mosquito

  4. Stomach wall of mosquito
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The parasite which causes malaria, Plasmodium requires two different hosts a vertebrate intermediate host, such as a human, and an insect definitive host, also known as the vector i.e female Anopheles mosquito. 
  • When the mosquito bites humans it ingests blood cells containing gametocytes. The mosquito digests the blood cells, releasing the male and female gametes, which fuse together and burrow into the mosquito’s gut wall, where they mature inside oocysts.
  • After 8-15 days (depending on the species) the oocysts burst and sporozoites are released into the body cavity of the mosquito. From there, they travel to the salivary glands. when the mosquito bites these infective sporozoite enters the blood of the humans.
  • Hence sporozoites are the infective stages of the malaria parasite is found in salivary glands of the mosquito.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Salivary glands of mosquito'.