Biology · General Awareness

Disease Vectors and Pathogens

820 Questions

Disease vectors and pathogens examine how organisms like Plasmodium and Leishmania transmit infections. Test items require matching vectors to specific diseases. Studying these life cycles is essential for scoring well.

Plasmodium infective stagesDisease transmission modesDisease vectors and fleasIntracellular parasitesElephantiasis causes

Disease Vectors and Pathogens Questions

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

State whether the following statement is true or false.
Malaria is spread by the female Anopheles mosquito.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambigous

  4. Data insufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Female Anopheles mosquito is a vector for Malarial parasite. Infection occurs when the mosquito bites an infected person and then later on bites a healthy person, while it feeds on the blood of the host.

So, the statement is 'true'

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which of the following transmits visceral leishmaniasis?

  1. $Phlebotomus$
  2. $Cimex$
  3. $Glossina$
  4. $Culex$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phlebotomus is a genus of sand flies. They are primarily responsible for the transmission of leishmaniasis, an important parasitic disease. The most common forms are cutaneous leishmaniasis which causes skin sores and visceral leishmaniasis which affects several internal organs.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Sandfly is a vector for

  1. Trypanosoma evansi

  2. Trypanosoma gambiense

  3. Leishmania donovani

  4. Trypanosoma cruzi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$Phlebotomus$ $argentipes$ is the vector for visceral leishmaniasis in India. The development of resistance in kala-azar vector to DDT has been reported from various parts of India. Phlebotomus sand flies are primarily responsible for the transmission of leishmaniasis, an important parasitic disease, while transmission in the New World, is generally via sand flies of the genus $Lutzomyia$. The protozoan parasite itself is a species of the genus $Leishmania$. Leishmaniasis normally finds a mammalian reservoir in rodents and other small animals such as  canine leishmaniasis and hyraxes. The female sand fly carries the Leishmania protozoa from infected animals after feeding, thus transmitting the disease, while the male feeds on plant nectar.
Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which of the following pair is correctly matched?

  1. Leishmania - kala azar

  2. Giardia - sleeping sickness

  3. Entamoeba - malaria

  4. Plasmodium - dysentry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kala azar is also known as 'black fever' and is considered to be the most severe form of leishmaniasis. It is caused by the protozoans of Leishmania genus. 

Sleeping sickness or african trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei.
Malaria is a mosquito borne disease caused by the group of protozoans, known as Plasmodium. 
Amoebic dysentery is caused by Entamoeba histolytica.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which one of the following is polymorphic?

  1. Taenia solium

  2. Trypanosoma

  3. Paramoecium

  4. Entamoeba
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The occurrence of more than one form of an individual  in a single species within an interbreeding population is known as polymorphism. Trypanosoma shows this feature with three main forms, all of which have a small kinetoplast and a conspicuous undulating membrane. Hence, option B is correct.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

The African tsetse fly spreads

  1. Sleeping sickness

  2. Malaria

  3. Filaria

  4. Yellow fever
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly (Glossina genus) bites which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harbouring the human pathogenic parasites.

So, the correct answer is 'Sleeping sickness'.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which of the following is a protozoan disease?

  1. Tetanus

  2. Measles

  3. Filariasis

  4. Sleeping sickness
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Tetanus (lockjaw) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani. Measles is a highly contagious infection caused by the measles virus. Filariasis a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms of the Filarioidea type. African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Vector tsetse fly is the carrier of the pathogen

  1. Wuchereria

  2. Plasmodium

  3. Trypanosoma

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. It is usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

The vector that spreads the sleeping sickness is 

  1. Tsetse fly

  2. Anopheles mosquito

  3. Tiger mosquito

  4. Aedes aegypti
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

African trypanosomiasis also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. The small, single-celled organisms called trypanosomes are transmitted through the bites of tsetse flies. Tsetse flies include all the species in the genus Glossina.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

Which of the following protozoans causes amoebic dysentery?

  1. Entamoeba histolytica

  2. Giardia lamblia

  3. Escherichia coli

  4. Entamoeba coli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic protozoan that is responsible for causing amoebic dysentery. The disease is transmitted by food and water which is contaminated by fecal matter of the infected person. The symptoms include stomach pain, diarrhea, etc. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

In malaria, shivering occurs when ___________________.

  1. Schizonts enter R.B.C.

  2. Sporozoites enter human body

  3. Merozoites are liberated from RB.C. alongwith toxin

  4. Signet ring stage is attained
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The shivering and fever paroxysm in malaria occur when the infected red blood cells rupture, releasing merozoites and toxic metabolic waste products into the bloodstream.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

In patient suffering from malaria, the cells having Schuffner's granules are _________________.

  1. Gametocytes

  2. Signet ring trophozoites

  3. Infected erythrocytes

  4. Infected liver cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Schuffner's granules are characteristic stippling observed in erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale.