Disease Causative Agents

Haemophilus influenzae is a small, pleomorphic bacteria which is the most often cause of pneumonia, a lung infection.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Dengue is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito infected with one of the four dengue viruses. It is a febrile illness that affects infants, young children and adults with symptoms appearing 3-14 days after the infective bite.
Dengue is not transmitted directly from person-to-person and symptoms range from mild fever, to incapacitating high fever, with severe headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, and rash. There is no vaccine or any specific medicine to treat dengue. People who have dengue fever should rest, drink plenty of fluids and reduce the fever using paracetamol or see a doctor. Dengue is transmitted by several species of mosquito within the genus Aedes, principally A. aegypti.
Severe dengue (also known as dengue hemorrhagic fever) is characterized by fever, abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, bleeding and breathing difficulty and is a potentially lethal complication, affecting mainly children. Early clinical diagnosis and careful clinical management by trained physicians and nurses increase survival of patients.

Common viral diseases include: chickenpox, flu, influenza, herpes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS), human papilloma virus (HPV), mumps, measles and rubella. Bacteria cause disease by secreting or excreting toxins (as in botulism), by producing toxins internally, which are released when the bacteria disintegrate (as in typhoid), or by inducing sensitivity to their antigenic properties (as in tuberculosis). Other serious bacterial diseases include cholera, diphtheria, bacterial meningitis and syphilis.

Diphtheria is caused by a bacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The actual disease is caused when the bacteria release a toxin into a person's body. Diphtheria bacteria live in the mouth, throat, and nose of an infected person and can be passed to others by coughing or sneezing. Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired. These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week. 

Influenza (also known as the flu) is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza virus. Typhoid fever is an acute illness associated with fever caused by the Salmonella typhi bacteria. Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhoea, caused by bacterium called Vibrio cholerae. Diphtheria is caused by the Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacterium.

Diseases caused by viruses are common cold, influenza, AIDS and dengue. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer. Tuberculosis and cholera are caused by bacteria.

The correct answer is 'influenza'

Explanation: It is caused by Pasteurella multocida. Treatment is effective if given in early stage of disease. The nearest Vety officer or paravet of the department should be contacted for treatment and  prevention.

• Influenza, commonly called 'the flu' is an illness caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae. For example, Myxovirus influenzae.
  
• The most common symptoms include high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, sneezing, and feeling tired.
• Hence Myxovirus influenzae is the causative organism of influenza.
• So, the correct answer is 'Myxovirus influenzae'.

• Influenza is a viral disease. Influenza virus is of three types, viz; type A, type B and type C. This virus spread even is short distances causing flu-like conditions, fever, runny nose, headache, muscle pain, coughing, etc. 
  
• Typhoid is a disease caused by the bacteria named Salmonella typhi. 
• Dysentery is a gastroenteritis disorder causing diarrhoea. This disorder can be caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoans or parasites. 
• Cholera is caused by the bacteria named Vibrio cholerae. 
So, the correct answer is option B.

Causative agent of cholera is Vibrio cholerae. Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium. 
Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Anthrax is caused by bacteria Bacillus anthracis. 
Influenza is caused by influenza virus. 

Pandemic is an epidemic of infectious disease that spreads through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a six-stage classification that describes the process by which a novel influenza virus moves from the first few infections in humans through to a pandemic. This starts with the virus mostly infecting animals, with a few cases where animals infect people, then moves through the stage where the virus begins to spread directly between people and ends with a pandemic when infections from the new virus have spread worldwide and it will be out of control until we stop it. A disease or condition is not a pandemic merely because it is widespread or kills many people; it must also be infectious. 

Use of aspirin during dengue fever is not recommended owing to increased bleeding tendency. Aspirin has an antiplatelet effect by inhibiting the production of thromboxane, which under normal circumstances binds platelet molecules together to create a patch over damage of the walls within blood vessels. Hence drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen should be avoided as they may increase the risk of haemorrhage. 

Bacillus haemophilus or Bacillus influenzae is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that causes influenza disease. It was first described by Richard Pfeiffer during an influenza pandemic. It is usually present in the upper respiratory tract and causes otitis media, epiglottitis, and meningitis.

Ranikhet disease, also known as new castle disease, is found in young birds. Its symptoms include sneezing, gasping and often  droopiness. The affected birds are depressed with ruffled feathers. Control of Ranikhet disease can be done by sanitary and vaccination measures.