Disease Causative Agents

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal and rapid cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss and a change in bowel movements. Many cancers can be prevented by not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, not drinking too much alcohol, eating plenty of vegetables, fruits and whole grains, vaccination against certain infectious diseases.

Polio is a viral disease that affects the nervous system, specifically the spinal cord, potentially leading to paralysis. Pneumonia, bronchitis, and asthma are all conditions that directly affect the lungs.

Malaria is a vector-borne disease transmitted by mosquitoes, not by drinking contaminated water, unlike cholera, jaundice, and diarrhoea.

Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is commonly found in soil, dust, and manure. Contaminated soil can introduce these bacteria into the body through wounds.

Dental caries, which is also referred to as tooth decay or cavities, is one of the most common and widespread persistent diseases today and is also one of the most preventable. When you eat certain foods, the bacteria on your teeth breaks them down and produces acids that have the ability to seriously damage the hard tissues of your tooth. The result is the formation of dental caries (cavities). So, the correct option is 'B" (Bacterial Infections).

Disinfectants are the chemical or antimicrobial substance that are applied to non-living objects such as floor to kill microbes e.g., phenol, lysol, cresol etc.

(A)Antiseptic is capable of preventing microbial infection

Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents, that are applied to non-living objects to destroy microorganisms.
Tranquilizers are drugs used to reduce anxiety, fear, tension, agitation and mental disturbances.
Antiseptics are the mild antimicrobial chemical substances, that are applied to living tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Cholera is a bacterial diseases caused due to drinking of contaminated water. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholera. Cholera is an infectious disease that leads to extreme dehydration.

Guinea worm disease which is also called as Dracunculiasis is a disease caused by guinea worm. A person gets affected when he or she consumes water contaminated with the larva.

It causes painful burning sensation and blisters in the lower limb. It is diagnosed by the worm coming out of the blister. Other symptoms include fever, nausea and vomiting.

Cholera is caused by the bacteria which uses water as a vector known as Vibrio cholera. Typhoid is caused by bacteria called Salmonella Typhi. Bacterial dysentery is caused by infection with bacteria from Shigella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, or enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Diarrhea from Shigella is also known as shigellosis.

Infectious diseases are those diseases which are caused by microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, virus, parasites. HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) causes AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). It is a sexually transmitted disease. Diphtheria is caused by bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheria. It affects the mucous membrane of throat and upper respiratory tract. Coronary thrombosis is a disease that results due to accumulation of blood clot on the walls of arteries. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that results due to insufficient production of insulin in the body.