Disease Causative Agents

Pertussis is the medical term for whooping cough, a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The disease is characterized by severe coughing fits that often end with a "whooping" sound when the person breathes in, hence the common name. It primarily affects children and can be prevented through vaccination, making it an important public health concern.

Labyrinthitis is inflammation of the inner ear structures, specifically affecting the labyrinth (the complex system of bony and membranous canals that control balance and hearing). The condition disrupts the vestibular system, causing symptoms like dizziness, vertigo, nausea, and sometimes temporary hearing loss. The inflammation interferes with the inner ear's ability to send proper signals to the brain about body position and movement.

Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning. It was named after Minamata City in Japan where it was first discovered in 1956, caused by methylmercury released in industrial wastewater from a chemical factory. Symptoms include ataxia, numbness, muscle weakness, and in severe cases, insanity, coma, and death.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Anthrax is an infection that is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. Tetanus or lockjaw is a serious infection caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria. Cholera is an acute epidemic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.

Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. Rabies is a viral disease that is spread most often from the bite of a rabid animal to another animal or to a human. Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious infectious disease caused poliovirus. Common cold is a mild viral infection of the nose, throat, sinuses and upper airways.

Asthma, scurvy, diabetes: All are non-communicable diseases.

Poliomyelitis spreads when the stool of an infected person is introduced into the mouth of another person through contaminated water or food (fecal-oral transmission).

Balantidiasis is transmitted primarily by eating food or drinking water that has been contaminated by human or animal faeces containing Balantidium coli cysts. Cholera is transmitted from person to person through ingesting water or food infected with Vibrio cholerae. Typhoid is transmitted through Salmonella typhi.

Smallpox is highly contagious disease. People get infected with smallpox virus by inhaling droplets of saliva, which are full of virus, during face-to-face contact with infected person. Diphtheria is spread (transmitted) from person to person, usually through respiratory droplets, from coughing or sneezing. Influenza viruses are spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk.

Herpes Zoster (shingles) is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, making it a viral infection. Pneumonia is commonly bacterial (though can be viral), Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae (bacterial), and Typhoid is caused by Salmonella Typhi (bacterial).

Scarlet fever is characterised by strawberry tongue.

This is correct answer because Herpangina disease and hand, foot and mouth disease are caused by Coxsackie virus.

Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells are seen in measles.

Darling's disease is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.

Scarlet fever is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.