Dental and Oral Biology

Atavism is the tendency to revert to ancestral type. In biology, an atavism is an evolutionary throwback, such as traits reappearing which had disappeared generations before. Atavisms have been observed in humans as well. Babies have been born with a vestigial tail called "coccygeal process", "coccygeal projection" or "caudal appendage".

Atavism refers to the reappearance of ancestral characteristics that were lost during evolution. Long, thick body hair in humans resembles the fur of our primate ancestors, making it a good example of atavism.

The dental pulp is the part in the centre of a tooth, which is made up of living connective tissues and cells, called odontoblasts.

Ivory is the material from which the teeth and tusks of animals are made. It is also called as enamel. It covers the surface of the tooth or tusk. 

Yes, it is correct. Milk teeth grows during infancy, fall of at the age between 6- 8 years and are replaced by permanent teeth.

Dentine forms the majority of tooth structure, lying beneath the enamel and surrounding the pulp cavity. While enamel is the hardest outer covering, it's relatively thin. The pulp cavity contains soft tissue and nerves, while 'root' refers to the portion embedded in gum, not a tissue type.

Molars are large, flat teeth located at the back of the mouth designed for grinding and crushing food. Canines are pointed for tearing, incisors are sharp for cutting, and 'milk teeth' refers to baby teeth, not a tooth type.

Vitamin C is responsible for keeping gums healthy Vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy which is characterized by swollen gums and loosening of teeth.

Two: A snake has two hollow teeth which deliver the poison.

The intraligamentary technique is a type of local infiltration technique to provide a single tooth anesthesia.

In 1973, Gow Gates described the true mandibular nerve block by depositing anesthetic solution at the neck of the condyle. A single injection provides hard and soft tissue anesthesia of the mandible to the midline.

When the patient is sitting in the dental chair, the brain is placed in a superior position and is the most susceptible to the reduced blood volume flow resulting in syncope. This is a form of neurogenic shock and is caused by cerebral ischemia secondary to vasodilation with a corresponding drop in blood pressure.

During the development of teeth, the apical foramen is funnel shaped with the wider portion extending outward. The mouth of the funnel is filled with periodontal tissue, which is later replaced by dentin and cementum.

The apical foramen is not always the most constricted portion of the root canal as constrictions can and do occur before the extremity of the root is reached. Apical constrictions are found 0.5 to 1.0 mm away from the root apex. The apical foramen is not always located in the center of the root apex as it may exit on the mesial, distal, labial or lingual surface of the root, usually slightly eccentrically.

With increasing age, pulp horns recede, pulp chambers become smaller, root canals get narrower from deposition of secondary and reparative dentin. Dentinal tubules become narrower or even obliterated by the deposition of peritubular dentin.