Computer Networks

Physical media is the cables and connectors used to interconnect the network devices.

A process used by a switch or bridge to forward broadcasts and unknown destination unicasts is called flooding.

It is not a characteristic of controlled access MAC method since there is no collision in this method.

A fully connected mesh topology provides the highest reliability because every node has a direct connection to every other node. If any single link fails, communication can still occur through alternative paths. Star topology fails if the central hub fails, bus topology fails if the backbone is cut, and ring topology fails if any link breaks.

Ring topology is not broadcast because data flows sequentially from one node to the next in a unidirectional manner. Each node receives and forwards the signal to its single downstream neighbor. In contrast, star and tree broadcast from the central node, and bus broadcasts on the shared medium to all connected nodes simultaneously.

COM3 port is a communication channel on the computer that is used to transmit data from hardware devices to the processor.

It allows computers to produce sounds like music and voice. 

It is a hardware device that acts as a gate between two networks. It can translate information between different network data formats.

It is a device that enables a computer to transmit data through telephone or other communication lines. Modem converts its digital signal into analog signals. It is used in modulation and demodulation.

This is the term used in an ATM network that gives the information flow along the path set up as a series of pointers through the network.

In this type of topology, a host is connected to one or two or more than two hosts. This topology may have hosts having point-to-point connection to every other hosts or may also have hosts which are having point to point connection to few hosts only. So, this is the answer.

A network of networks is commonly known as Internet or Inter network. So, this is the right option.

Fiber Optics is not a type of network. It is a type of cable. Except this option, all the other options are types of computer network. So, this is the correct answer.

If communication software is the 'traffic cop' that manages data flow, the modem acts as a 'bridge' that connects the digital world of computers to the analog world of telephone lines, enabling communication between the two different environments.

A spider network (also called centralized or star-network hybrid) has a central computer through which all activities must pass. All communications and processing are routed through this central hub. Ring networks have nodes connected in a circle, hierarchical networks have tree structures, and data control network is not a standard topology term.