Computer Networks

Client/server computing involves end-user PCs (clients) connected to servers that share resources like software, processing power, and databases. This architecture allows distributed processing while centralizing shared resources. Enterprise collaboration focuses on communication tools, while electronic commerce is about online transactions.

1. Physical layer
   1. Data link layer
   2. Transport layer
   3. Network layer
   4. Session layer
   5. Presentation layer
   6. Application layer

SAN stands for Storage Area Network, which is a high-speed network that provides access to block-level storage. Signal Array Network, Save All Network, and Sell Arch Network are not valid technical terms. SAN is a fundamental concept in enterprise storage architecture.

A Network Interface Card (NIC) is the physical hardware component installed in a workstation that enables it to connect to a local area network.

ATM in networking stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode, a high-speed networking technology that uses fixed-size cells for data transmission. 'Automatic teller machine' is the common banking meaning of ATM, not networking. The other options are fabricated terms.

LAN stands for Local Area Network, a network connecting devices in a limited area. Options C and D incorrectly use 'Large', and option B truncates 'Network' to 'Net'.

A Gateway is a network node equipped for interfacing with another network that uses different protocols.

An intranet is a computer network that uses Internet Protocol technology to share information, operational systems, or computing services within an organization. This term is used in contrast to internet, a network between organizations, and instead refers to a network within an organization

Networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of sharing data.

An Ethernet hub, active hub, network hub, repeater hub, multiport repeater or hub is a device for connecting multiple Ethernet devices together and making them act as a single network segment.

A ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signals through each node - a ring.

LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) are all network classifications based on geographical scope. IPv4 is a network layer protocol that defines IP addressing and packet routing, not a network type. This makes IPv4 the odd one out as it's a protocol standard rather than a network category.

This makes objects able to be manipulated within other network classes.

When a VLAN is deleted from a switch, the member ports lose their VLAN association and cannot communicate with other ports until they are reassigned to another VLAN. They don't automatically revert to any default VLAN without explicit reconfiguration.

SSH encrypts the entire management session including all commands, output, and authentication credentials. Telnet transmits everything in clear text, making passwords and configuration visible to packet sniffers. SSH provides confidentiality and integrity for remote device management.