Computer Knowledge

Computer Memory and Storage

2,121 Questions

Computer memory and storage questions test foundational knowledge of hardware, cache mapping, and data transfer mechanisms. Key areas include Direct Memory Access, analog recording, and RAID levels. This section is essential for candidates preparing for banking and government computer proficiency tests.

Cache memory mappingDirect memory accessRAID storage levelsHard disk technologyOptical media storageMemory addresses

Computer Memory and Storage Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a false statement about 'Memory Resident' attack during Penetration test?

  1. This attack is used to prevent the inspect memory.

  2. The attacker checks the memory available to exploit the system.

  3. In this attack, the information of the application can be hidden within a process that would normally be trusted in nature.

  4. This attack is visible during scanning and identification of malicious software in the system.

  5. This attack occurs during writing to disk.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In this attack, the information of the application can not be hidden within a process. This is possible in 'Process Injection' attack.

Multiple choice

The memory allocation scheme subject to 'external fragmentation' is

  1. segmentation

  2. swapping

  3. pure demand paging

  4. multiple contiguous fixed partition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Segmentation divides memory into variable-sized segments, leading to external fragmentation when unused gaps develop between segments. Swapping moves processes in and out of memory, pure demand paging loads pages only when needed, and fixed partitions have internal fragmentation.

Multiple choice

Blocks of buffer caches are used

  1. to improve the disk performance

  2. to handle interrupts

  3. to increase the capacity of main memory

  4. to speed up memory read operation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Buffer caches improve disk performance by reducing disk accesses - frequently used data stays in memory. They don't handle interrupts, increase main memory capacity, or speed up general memory reads.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are the problem(s) of file management system?

  1. Lack of data independence

  2. Data redundancy

  3. Update

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

File management systems suffer from all these problems: lack of data independence (programs depend on physical file structure), data redundancy (same data stored in multiple files), and update anomalies (changes must be made in multiple places leading to inconsistencies). DBMS was developed specifically to address these issues.

Multiple choice

Embedded pointers provide

  1. an inverted index

  2. a secondary access path

  3. a physical record key

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Embedded pointers stored within records create additional access paths to related data, serving as secondary indexes. Option A describes inverted indexes which are separate structures. Option C refers to primary keys, not embedded pointers.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following provides conceptual support for function calls?

  1. The system stack

  2. The data segment

  3. The processor's registers

  4. The text segment

  5. The heap
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The system stack provides the LIFO structure needed for function calls, storing return addresses, local variables, and parameters. When a function is called, a new stack frame is pushed; when it returns, the frame is popped, restoring execution state. The data segment holds global/static variables, registers are for CPU operations, text segment contains code, and heap is for dynamic allocation - none support call/return mechanics.

Multiple choice

Assertion (A): The more RAM a computer has, the more information it can store Reason (B): RAM works only as long as electric current flows through it

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

  2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

  3. A is true but R is false

  4. A is false but R is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Assertion A is true as RAM provides the space for active data storage, while Reason R is true because RAM is volatile. However, volatility is a characteristic of how RAM stores data, not an explanation for why more RAM increases storage capacity.

Multiple choice

A type of memory chip whose contents can be quickly changed by the computer at any time is called

  1. ROM

  2. RAM

  3. RUM

  4. VDT
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

RAM (Random Access Memory) is the primary workspace of a computer where data is stored temporarily for quick access and modification by the CPU. Unlike ROM, which is generally read-only, RAM allows for both reading and writing operations at high speeds. This makes it the correct choice for a memory chip whose contents can be quickly changed.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are currently matched?

  1. RAM : Random -access Memory
  2. ROM : Read-only Memory
  3. DOS : Disk Operating System
  4. CAD : Computer -aided Design

  1. 1, 2 and 3

  2. 2, 3 and 4

  3. 1, 3 and 4

  4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the provided acronyms are correctly matched with their full forms. RAM stands for Random-access Memory, ROM for Read-only Memory, DOS for Disk Operating System, and CAD for Computer-aided Design. These are fundamental terms in computer science and engineering.

Multiple choice

A system that is designed to make a tape or disk sense from copying is

  1. Protocol

  2. Protection

  3. Queue

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Protection refers to the mechanisms used to control access to data and prevent unauthorized copying or modification. While protocols govern communication, protection specifically addresses the security of the storage medium.