Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are the problem(s) of file management system?

  1. Lack of data independence

  2. Data redundancy

  3. Update

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

File management systems suffer from all these problems: lack of data independence (programs depend on physical file structure), data redundancy (same data stored in multiple files), and update anomalies (changes must be made in multiple places leading to inconsistencies). DBMS was developed specifically to address these issues.

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