Computer Knowledge

Computer Memory and Storage

2,477 Questions

Computer memory and storage questions test foundational knowledge of hardware, cache mapping, and data transfer mechanisms. Key areas include Direct Memory Access, analog recording, and RAID levels. This section is essential for candidates preparing for banking and government computer proficiency tests.

Cache memory mappingDirect memory accessRAID storage levelsHard disk technologyOptical media storageMemory addresses

Computer Memory and Storage Questions

Multiple choice technology architecture

What type of access does NAS typically provides to clients

  1. File level access

  2. Block level access

  3. Direct disk access

  4. Logical block address access
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

NAS (Network Attached Storage) provides file-level access to data over a network, using file sharing protocols like NFS or SMB. Clients access files as if they were local. Block-level access is characteristic of SAN (Storage Area Network) systems, not NAS.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Three HBAs have been zoned to the same storage array port. What strategy should you use to restrict and control access to specific storage devices by each of the HBAs ?

  1. LUN masking

  2. Port zoning

  3. Mixed zoming

  4. WWN zoning
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

LUN (Logical Unit Number) masking is done at the storage array level to control which specific LUNs each HBA can access. Since zoning (at the switch level) already allows all 3 HBAs to reach the same port, you need LUN masking to restrict which storage devices each HBA can actually use. Option C also has a typo ('zoming' instead of 'zoning').

Multiple choice technology architecture

Server attached storage is known as

  1. NAS

  2. DAS

  3. SAN

  4. SLS
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

DAS (Direct Attached Storage) is the correct answer because it refers to storage devices directly connected to a server, such as through SCSI, SATA, or SAS cables. NAS (Network Attached Storage) connects over a network, SAN (Storage Area Network) provides block-level storage access to multiple servers, and SLS is not a standard storage architecture term.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Which of the following saves data to pairs of disks as a means of redundancy ?

  1. Parity

  2. Striping

  3. Mirroring

  4. Clustering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mirroring is correct because it writes identical data to two disks simultaneously, creating an exact copy for redundancy. Parity uses mathematical schemes across multiple disks, striping spreads data across disks without redundancy, and clustering refers to multiple servers working together, not disk-level redundancy.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Which of the following RAID solutions provides fault tolerance without affecting performance in the event of a drive failure ?

  1. Striping

  2. Mirroring

  3. Parity

  4. Clustering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Mirroring (RAID 1) is correct because it provides fault tolerance through disk duplication and maintains full performance on drive failure - the remaining disk continues serving requests at normal speed. Parity-based RAID (like RAID 5) suffers significant performance degradation during rebuild as it reconstructs data from parity information.

Multiple choice technology architecture

What type of access does NAS typically provides to clients

  1. File level access

  2. Block level access

  3. Direct disk access

  4. Logical block address access
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

NAS (Network Attached Storage) provides file-level access to clients over a network, allowing multiple users to share files. SAN provides block-level access, and direct disk or LBA access are not NAS characteristics.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Three HBAs have been zoned to the same storage array port. What strategy should you use to restrict and control access to specific storage devices by each of the HBAs ?

  1. LUN masking

  2. Port zoning

  3. Mixed zoming

  4. WWN zoning
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

LUN masking controls which HBA can access specific storage LUNs (Logical Unit Numbers) at the storage array level, restricting access even when multiple HBAs are zoned to the same port. WWN zoning works at the switch level but doesn't restrict LUNs within the port.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Which of the following RAID solutions provides fault tolerance without affecting performance in the event of a drive failure ?

  1. Striping

  2. Mirroring

  3. Parity

  4. Clustering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Mirroring (RAID 1) provides fault tolerance by duplicating data on paired disks, allowing continued operation with no performance degradation when one drive fails. Striping has no fault tolerance, parity adds performance overhead during rebuild, and clustering is unrelated.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Which of the following improves performance by distributing data across the disks in a RAID set ?

  1. Parity

  2. Striping

  3. Mirroring

  4. Clustering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Striping in RAID distributes data across multiple disks, allowing simultaneous read/write operations which significantly improves performance. Parity provides redundancy, mirroring creates identical copies for fault tolerance, and clustering combines multiple systems - none of these primarily improve performance through data distribution.

Multiple choice technology architecture

What is the main benefit of parity RAID ?

  1. Improves performance

  2. Provides data redundancy

  3. Stores multiple identical copies of data

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Parity RAID's main benefit is data redundancy - it uses parity information to reconstruct data if a disk fails. While it can provide some performance benefits, that's not the primary purpose (striping does that). Mirroring stores multiple copies (not parity's approach), and parity RAID definitely provides value.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Which hardware component is redundant in a RAID solution ?

  1. Cooling fan

  2. Hard drive

  3. Network interface card

  4. Processor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), multiple hard drives work together to provide performance improvements and/or redundancy. The hard drives themselves are the redundant component - data is spread across them so that if one fails, data can be reconstructed from the others. Processors, NICs, and fans can be redundant in other contexts but are not core to RAID.