Social Science

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making

1,880 Questions

Explore a curated set of questions on cognitive biases, decision making, and behavioral economics. These concepts evaluate how social norms, emotions, and heuristics influence human judgment and group behavior. Master these topics to build a strong foundation for psychology and social science exams.

Behavioral economicsSocial group influencesEmotional decision makingConfirmation bias

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for people to be more persuaded by arguments that are presented last?

  1. Primacy Effect

  2. Recency Effect

  3. Framing Effect

  4. Anchoring Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Recency Effect refers to the tendency for individuals to be more persuaded by arguments that are presented last in a sequence.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of the media to focus on sensational and negative aspects of aging?

  1. Ageism

  2. Negative Framing

  3. Media Bias

  4. Sensationalism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Negative Framing refers to the media's tendency to present aging in a negative light, emphasizing decline, frailty, and dependency, rather than highlighting the positive aspects of aging.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to experience positive emotions more intensely and frequently than negative emotions?

  1. Positive affectivity

  2. Negative affectivity

  3. Emotional lability

  4. Emotional stability
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Positive affectivity refers to the tendency to experience positive emotions more intensely and frequently than negative emotions. It is associated with a lower risk of depression and other mental health problems.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to make irrational or emotionally driven financial decisions?

  1. Behavioral economics

  2. Cognitive bias

  3. Heuristics

  4. Prospect theory
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Behavioral economics is the study of how individuals make financial decisions, and how these decisions are influenced by psychological and emotional factors.

Multiple choice

Which cognitive bias leads individuals to overestimate the likelihood of rare events and underestimate the likelihood of common events?

  1. Availability bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Framing bias

  4. Hindsight bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Availability bias is the cognitive bias that leads individuals to overestimate the likelihood of rare events and underestimate the likelihood of common events.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Framing bias

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Overconfidence bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Confirmation bias is the tendency of individuals to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them.

Multiple choice

Which behavioral economics concept suggests that individuals are more likely to take risks when they are presented with a potential gain, compared to when they are presented with a potential loss?

  1. Prospect theory

  2. Framing bias

  3. Loss aversion

  4. Overconfidence bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Prospect theory suggests that individuals are more likely to take risks when they are presented with a potential gain, compared to when they are presented with a potential loss.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to overestimate their own abilities and skills?

  1. Overconfidence bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Framing bias

  4. Hindsight bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Overconfidence bias is the tendency of individuals to overestimate their own abilities and skills.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to make decisions based on the way information is presented, rather than on the actual content of the information?

  1. Framing bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Hindsight bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Framing bias is the tendency of individuals to make decisions based on the way information is presented, rather than on the actual content of the information.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to believe that they are less likely to experience negative events than others?

  1. Optimism bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Hindsight bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Optimism bias is the tendency of individuals to believe that they are less likely to experience negative events than others.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to remember events more clearly and confidently than they actually occurred?

  1. Hindsight bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Framing bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hindsight bias is the tendency of individuals to remember events more clearly and confidently than they actually occurred.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency of individuals to make decisions based on emotions rather than rational analysis?

  1. Emotional bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Hindsight bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Emotional bias is the tendency of individuals to make decisions based on emotions rather than rational analysis.

Multiple choice

What is the process of forming and maintaining beliefs and attitudes called?

  1. Attention

  2. Perception

  3. Memory

  4. Belief Formation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Belief Formation is the process of forming and maintaining beliefs and attitudes.

Multiple choice

How does purpose affect judgment?

  1. Purpose can bias judgment.

  2. Purpose can help us to focus our attention.

  3. Purpose can help us to make more informed judgments.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Purpose can affect judgment in a number of ways. For example, purpose can bias judgment by causing us to see things in a way that is consistent with our goals. Purpose can also help us to focus our attention on the most relevant information and to make more informed judgments.

Multiple choice

How can we avoid the negative effects of purpose on judgment?

  1. Be aware of our own biases.

  2. Consider multiple perspectives.

  3. Gather as much information as possible.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

There are a number of things we can do to avoid the negative effects of purpose on judgment. For example, we can be aware of our own biases, consider multiple perspectives, and gather as much information as possible.