Geography · Environmental Studies

Climate, Weather, and Geography

2,194 Questions

Climate, weather, and geography examine temperature variations, wind patterns, atmospheric hazards, and global climate zones. This hub addresses climographs, thunderstorm triggers, and regional climate descriptors. These concepts are essential for UPSC, SSC, and RRB general studies and geography exams.

Temperature variationWind patternsClimate zonesDesert climateWeather events

Climate, Weather, and Geography Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following has the least affect on the weather changes on the surface of the earth?

  1. Latitude

  2. Distance of Sun from earth

  3. Air mass circulation

  4. Distance from the sea

  5. Altitude
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer choice. The variation in the solar output does not have great effect on daily weather changes on the surface of the earth. Thus, the distance of earth from the sun has the least affect on the weather changes on the surface of the earth.

Multiple choice

Dense fogs during winter mornings is a common occurrence. This is caused by which of the following?

a. Advection of air b. Surface inversion c. Convection in atmosphere

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and c

  5. b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Surface inversion causes fog during winter mornings. The heat of the day is radiated off during the night, and by early morning hours, the earth is cooler than the air above. Smoke and dust particles get collected beneath the inversion layer and spread horizontally to fill the lower strata of the atmosphere. Air drainage causes surface inversion, which causes fog.

Multiple choice

Consider the following climate data Men Temp. Precipitation

   
(°C)
(mm)
January
9
102
February
10
88
March
12
68
April
13
33
May
15
12
June
16
3
July
17
1
August
17
1
September
18
5
October
16
19
November
13
40
December
10
104

The above climate data resembles that of which one of the following cities?

  1. Buenos Aires

  2. Tokyo

  3. Melbourne

  4. San Francisco
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The climate data shows mild, wet winters (9-10°C, 88-104mm rain) and dry, mild summers (17-18°C, 1-5mm rain). This is a classic Mediterranean climate pattern, which San Francisco exhibits. Tokyo has summer rainfall, Melbourne has winter rainfall peaks in different months, and Buenos Aires is in the Southern Hemisphere with reversed seasons.

Multiple choice

_________ is observed on grasses and leaves of plants on a winter morning.

  1. Dew

  2. Fog

  3. Mist

  4. Hail
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During winter mornings, the exposed surface cools by radiating its heat. Thus, water vapour present in the atmosphere condenses, resulting in the formation of water droplets on the exposed surfaces. These water droplets are known as dew. Dew is formed very easily on grasses and leaves of plants.

Multiple choice

The wind circulation around a low is called

  1. the polar high

  2. the equatorial low

  3. the subtropical high

  4. cyclonic circulation

  5. the general circulation of the atmosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The wind circulation around a low is called cyclonic circulation.

Multiple choice

On which of the following the pattern of planetary winds does not depend?

  1. The latitudinal variation of atmospheric heating.

  2. The emergence of pressure belts.

  3. The migration of belts following apparent path of the sun.

  4. The distribution of continents and oceans.

  5. The gravitational pull.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

 It depends upon the rotation of the earth. It does not depend upon the gravitational pull. Thus, this is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct about westerlies?

  1. The cells from which westerlies arrive are called Ferrel cells.

  2. Hadley cells are the source for westerlies.

  3. Polar cells blowing towards the middle latitudes cause the westerlies.

  4. The transfer of heat energy from lower latitudes to higher latitudes causes the westerlies.

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Westerlies are caused by Ferrel cells. In the middle latitudes the circulation is that of sinking cold air that comes from the poles and the rising warm air that blows from the subtropical high. At the surface these winds are called westerlies and the cell is known as the Ferrel cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a type of air mass?

  1. Maritime tropical (mT)

  2. Continental tropical (cT)

  3. Maritime polar (mP)

  4. Continental polar (cP)

  5. Maritime arctic (mA)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is incorrect. The recognszed air mass is continental arctic or cA along with the others mentioned above.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are correct about El Niño? a. The appearance of the warm water of Central Pacific ocean off the coast of Peru. b. The change in pressure condition over Pacific, is known as southern oscillation. c. It is used for long range weather forecasting in major parts of the world.

  1. Only a

  2. Only b

  3. Only c

  4. Only a and b

  5. Only b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Both these statements are correct about El Nino.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct about cumulus clouds?

  1. The cold front moves faster than the warm front ultimately overtaking the warm front, which is completely lifted up and the front is occluded and the cumulus clouds are formed.

  2. If an air mass is fully lifted above the land surface, it causes cumulus clouds.

  3. The cold front approaches the warm air from behind and pushes the warm air up resulting in the development of cumulus clouds along the cold front.

  4. All of the above.

  5. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is correct about cumulus clouds.