Climate, Weather, and Geography

The Equator experiences minimal seasonal variation because day length and solar angle remain relatively constant year-round. Seasons become increasingly pronounced toward the poles, where day length and solar insolation vary dramatically. The Arctic Circle has extreme seasonal differences, 45°N has significant variation, and the Tropic of Cancer has moderate seasonal changes.

An avalanche (also called a snow slide or snow slip) is a rapid flow of snow down a sloping surface. Avalanches are typically triggered in a starting zone from a mechanical failure in the snowpack (slab avalanche) when the forces on the snow exceed its strength but sometimes only with gradually widening (loose snow avalanche).

A tornado is a type of storm. Rain is a type of precipitation. 

'Frequently' means often or at short intervals. So, it makes sense here according to the context of the sentence.

The equatorial climate (also called tropical rainforest climate) is characterized by consistently high temperatures throughout the year and daily convectional rainfall. This occurs due to intense heating and rising warm moist air that condenses every afternoon, creating heavy but short rainfall events. The Mediterranean climate has wet winters/dry summers, continental climates have extreme seasonal variations, and temperate climates are more moderate than the consistently hot equatorial regions.

Isohels are lines on a map connecting points that receive equal duration of sunshine or mean daily sunshine hours. They are analogous to isotherms (temperature), isobars (pressure), and isohyets (rainfall).

Cotton plant is grown in black soil at places with warm climate.

Blizzards are severe snowstorms characterized by strong winds and low visibility. They are most common in polar and Antarctic regions due to extreme cold temperatures and high wind conditions. Equatorial regions are too hot, while tropical and temperate regions don't experience true blizzards.

Leonid Showers of the 55P/Tempel-Tuttle comet which hurtled towards Earth’s atmosphere were made up mostly of fire molecules.

The term 'hurricane' is used specifically for tropical cyclones in the Atlantic and Northeast Pacific. The same weather phenomenon is called 'typhoon' in the Northwest Pacific. Other regional names include 'cyclone' in the Indian Ocean and 'tropical cyclone' in the Southwest Pacific. The other options are geological features unrelated to weather.

Moraines are accumulations of unconsolidated debris (rock, soil, gravel) deposited by glaciers. They form at the sides (lateral moraines), between glaciers (medial moraines), or at the terminus (terminal moraines). Ablation is ice loss, sleet is precipitation, cliffs are erosional features, and pampero is a wind type.

The Pampero is a cold, dry wind that blows from the Andes mountains across the Pampas grasslands of Argentina. It typically occurs in winter and can bring sudden temperature drops and gusty conditions. Ablation relates to ice, sleet is precipitation, cliffs are landforms, and moraines are glacial deposits.

Sleet is frozen precipitation consisting of small ice pellets formed when raindrops fall through a cold layer of air and freeze before reaching the ground. It's different from snow (which forms directly as ice crystals) and freezing rain (which freezes on contact with surfaces). Ablation is ice loss, cliffs are landforms, pampero is a wind, and moraines are glacial deposits.