Chemical Reactions and Equations

Both ii and iv are matched correctly. Lindlar’s catalyst: Pd/BaSO₄ Ziegler Natta catalyst: TiCl₄ + (C₂H₅)₃Al

water (H₂o) is the combination of two molecules of hydrogen and one molecule of oxygen

The Schikorr reaction formally describes the conversion of the iron(II) hydroxide (Fe(OH)₂) into iron(II,III) oxide (Fe₃O₄). It can occur in the process of anaerobic corrosion of iron and carbon steel in various conditions.

The Stieglitz rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction of a trityl hydroxylamine in to a triaryl imine . The reaction is related to the Beckmann rearrangement as both reactions involve a carbon to nitrogen shift.

In chemistry, initiation is a chemical reaction that triggers one or more secondary reactions. Often the initiation reaction generates a reactive intermediate from a stable molecule which is then involved in secondary reactions. In polymerisation, initiation is followed by a chain reaction and termination.

The Eschweiler-Clarke reaction is a chemical reaction whereby a primary (or secondary) amine is methylated using excess formic acid and formaldehyde. Reductive amination reactions such as this one will not produce quaternary ammonium salts, but instead will stop at the tertiary amine stage.

In certain reactions, one of the product acts as a catalyst. In the initial stages the reaction is slow but as soon as the products come into existence the reaction rate increases. This type of phenomenon is known as auto-catalysis. For examples The rate of oxidation of oxalic acid by acidified potassium permanganate increases as the reaction progresses. This acceleration is due to the presence of Mn²⁺ ions which are formed during reaction. Thus Mn²⁺ ions act as auto-catalyst.

There are certain, substance which, when added to the reaction mixture, retard the reaction rate instead of increasing it. These are called negative catalyst or inhibitors and the phenomenon is known as negative catalysis. Some examples are as follows. (i) Oxidation of sodium sulphite (ii) Oxidation of benzaldehyde

This option is correct because ammonia gas passed over the mixture of fused potassium carbonates and carbon to produce potassium cyanide, crystalline out by evaporation to obtain pure potassium cyanide.

This option is correct because when one mole of chlorosulphunic acid reacts with one mole of hydrogen peroxide, caro's acid (H₂SO₅) is produced.

Methanesulfonyl chloride is a compound containing a sulfonyl chloride used to make methanesulfonates and to generate sulfene. It is highly toxic, moisture sensitive, corrosive and a lachrymator. It should be stored in a dry location, preferably in a desiccator.

The Wohl-Ziegler reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the allylic or benzylic bromination of hydrocarbons using an N-bromoimide and a radical initiator.

It is considered as a safer replacement for hydrazoic acid in many reactions. It will however over time hydrolyze to hydrogen azide and therefore it must be stored free of moisture. It is used in the Oseltamivir total synthesis.

Dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) is a dioxirane derived from acetone. The dioxirane is a reagent used in organic synthesis.The most common use of DMDO is the oxidation of alkenes to epoxides.

1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene or DBU, is a chemical compound, which belongs to the class of amidine compounds. It is used in organic synthesis as a catalyst, complexing ligand and a strong (pKa = 24.34 in acetonitrile) non-nucleophilic base. It is used as a curing agent for epoxy and as a protecting agent for the synthesis of cephalosporin.