Chemistry

Chemical Nomenclature

67 Questions

Chemical nomenclature focuses on writing standard IUPAC names for organic and inorganic compounds. This topic is essential for chemistry sections across science exams. Regular practice helps in quickly identifying functional groups and structural priority.

organic compound naminginorganic compound namingIUPAC naming rulesfunctional groups

Chemical Nomenclature Questions

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols
The IUPAC name of : $CH _3 - \overset{CH _3\!\!\!\!\!}{\overset{|}{C}} - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - CH _2 - CH _2 OH$

  1. 1-hydroxy-4- methylpentan-3-one

  2. 2-methyl-5-hydroxypentane-3-one

  3. 4-methyl-3-oxopentan-1-ol

  4. Hexan-1-ol-3-one
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The longest chain containing the ketone and alcohol groups is 5 carbons. The ketone is at position 3 and the alcohol at position 1, with a methyl group at position 4.

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound:

$\begin{matrix} HO-C{ H } _{ 2 } \ - & CH &-C{ H } _{ 2 }-OH \  & | &  \  & C{ H } _{ 3 } &  \end{matrix}$

  1. 2-Methylpropane-1,3-diol

  2. 2-Methylpropan-1,3-dial

  3. 1-Hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-ol

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The given compound can be numbered from left to right or vice versa. At the 2nd position, there is a methyl group and is designated as 2-Methyl. 


The parent carbon chain contains 3 carbon atoms resembling propane and at the positions 1 and 3, there's the hydroxyl group designated as 1,3-diol. 


So the IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-Methylpropane-1,3-diol.


The answer is option A.

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

What is the $IUPAC$ name of the following compound?


$CH _{3} - CH _{2} - CH _{2} - OH$

  1. Propan-1-ol

  2. Propan-2-ol

  3. Propane-1-ol

  4. Ethane-2-ol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In this compound, the number of carbon atoms is 3. So, the parent alkane is propane. 


The functional group present is $-OH$ i.e alcohol. $-OH$ is present at the first carbon atom 

Thus the IUPAC name is Propan - 1 - ol.

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

The IUPAC name for $CH _3CH(OH)CH _2C(CH _3) _2OH$ is:

  1. 1, 1-dimethyl-1,3-butanediol

  2. 2-methyl-2,4 pentanediol

  3. 4-methyl-2 4-pentanediol

  4. 1,3,3- trimethyl 1-1,3-propanediol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The compound has 2 alcohol groups at C-2 positions on both the sides. From this point we can not say from where to start numbering. But if we number from right hand side there is also a methyl group at C-2 position. So we start number from right hand side.
Since there are two alcoholic group, we use suffix "diol"
Thus IUPAC name is: 2-Methyl-2,4 pentanediol

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

IUPAC name of the compound $CH _3-CH(CH _2CH _3)-CH _2-CH(OH)-CH _3$ is:

  1. 4-Ethyl-2-pentanol

  2. 4-Methyl-2-hexanol

  3. 2-Ethyl-2-pentanol

  4. 3-Ethyl-2-hexanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Longest carbon chain has 6 atoms. We number from right hand side as alcohol group at C-2 gets least number in this case and suffix used for alcohol is "-ol". Methyl group is present at C-4 position.

Thus, IUPAC name is 4-Methyl-2-hexanol.

Multiple choice isomerism of amines organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen

The common name for the compound $CH _3CH _2CH _2NH _2$ is:

  1. propylamine

  2. N-propylamine

  3. aminopropane

  4. N-aminopropane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

$C{ H } _{ 3 }C{ H } _{ 2 }C{ H } _{ 2 }N{ H } _{ 2 }$

As it contains three saturated carbon chain and ${ 1 }^{ 0 }$  amine. So its name is propylamine propyl for $C{ H } _{ 3 }C{ H } _{ 2 }C{ H } _{ 2 }$ group.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination in plants cytokinins plant hormones plants and animal hormones

6-(4-Hydroxy-3 Methyl-trans-2-butenylamine) purine is also called

  1. Methyl jasmonate

  2. Zeatin

  3. Brasinolide

  4. Triacontanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A 6-(4-Hydroxy-3 Methyl-trans-2-butenylamine) purine is a chemical name of trans zeatin. It is a type of cytokinin, plant hormone. It was first found in Zea maize. It stimulates the cell division process in plants. It acts as plant growth regulator.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice IUPAC Ligands Coordination compound

Which one of the following is the correct IUPAC name of the given coordination compound?

[Co(en)₃]³+

  1. tris(ethane-1,2-diamine) Cobaltate(III)

  2. tris(ethane-1,2-diamine) Cobalt(III) ion

  3. tri(ethane-1,2-diamine) Cobalt(III) ion

  4. tris(ethane-1,3-diamine) Cobalt (III) ion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The ligand ethane-1,2-diamine is a neutral bidentate ligand. Since there are three of them, the prefix 'tris' is used, and the complex is a cation, so the metal name remains Cobalt.