Chemistry

Chemical Nomenclature

95 Questions

Chemical nomenclature focuses on writing standard IUPAC names for organic and inorganic compounds. This topic is essential for chemistry sections across science exams. Regular practice helps in quickly identifying functional groups and structural priority.

organic compound naminginorganic compound namingIUPAC naming rulesfunctional groups

Chemical Nomenclature Questions

Multiple choice nomenclature of ethers alcohols, phenols and ethers chemistry

Which of the following statement is not correct in the naming of ethers according to IUPAC rules?

  1. Ethers are named as alkoxy alkanes

  2. The numbering of the parent chain is done in such a way so that the carbon atom linked to the -O-atom gets the lowest number.

  3. The two alkyl groups attached to the oxygen are put in alphabetical order

  4. In the case of simple ethers, the prefix tri is attached before the name of the alkyl group.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
If both the alkyl groups attached to the $-O-$ atoms are same, then the prefix 'di' is added before the alkyl group. 
Example: $CH _3-O-CH _3$ is named as dimethyl ether.
Multiple choice nomenclature of ethers alcohols, phenols and ethers chemistry

Which of the following naming is not given correctly?

  1. $C _2H _5 - O - C _2H _5$ is Diethyl ether
  2. $C _6H _5 - O - C _6H _5$ is Diphenyl ether
  3. $C _2H _5 - O - C _6H _5$ is Ethyl phenyl ether
  4. $C _2H _5 - O - C _3H _7$ is Diethyl propylether
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

$C _2H _5$ is ethyl and $C _3H _7$ is propyl. Therefore, the correct common name, arranged in alphabetical order will be Ethyl Propyl Ether.

Multiple choice nomenclature of ethers alcohols, phenols and ethers chemistry

IUPAC name of the compound $CH _3-\underset{\displaystyle CH _3}{\underset{|}CH}-OCH _3$ is:

  1. 1 - methoxy - 1 - methylethane

  2. 2 - methoxy - 2 - methylethane

  3. 2 - methoxypropane

  4. isopropylmethyl ether.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Given molecule: $CH _3-\underset{\displaystyle CH _3}{\underset{|}CH}-OCH _3$

It is an ether $ROR'$. In naming ether, smaller alkyl group among R and R' is treated as side group as alkoxy and the other as alkane along with the position of the alkoxy group. Thus in the given molecule, it is methoxy group at second position of propane (alkane)
$\overset { 1 }{ C } H _{ 3 }-\underset { \overset { 3 }{ C } H _{ 3 } }{ \underset { | }{ \overset { 2 }{ C }  }  }H -OCH _{ 3 }$
Thus its name is: 2-methoxypropane.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

The correct name of the given compound :
${ CH } _{ 3 }-\overset { \underset { | }{ H }  }{ \underset { \overset { | }{ OH }  }{ C }  } -{ COOH }$

  1. glycoxal

  2. lactic acid

  3. glycine

  4. glyceraldehyde
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The given compound is Lactic acid.

It contain one $-OH$ group and one $-COOH$ group along with 3 carbon atoms.

Multiple choice urea organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen

What is the name of the compound $NH _2COONH _4$?

  1. Diammonium carbonate

  2. Ammonium carbamate

  3. Uric acid
  4. Both $B$ and $C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ammonium carbamate is a salt formed by the reaction of ammonia with carbon dioxide or carbamic acid. This compound is a white solid that is extremely soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, and only slightly volatile at room temperature. It is prepared by the direct reaction between liquid ammonia and dry ice (solid carbon dioxide).

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols
The IUPAC name of : $CH _3 - \overset{CH _3\!\!\!\!\!}{\overset{|}{C}} - \overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}} - CH _2 - CH _2 OH$

  1. 1-hydroxy-4- methylpentan-3-one

  2. 2-methyl-5-hydroxypentane-3-one

  3. 4-methyl-3-oxopentan-1-ol

  4. Hexan-1-ol-3-one
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The longest chain containing the ketone and alcohol groups is 5 carbons. The ketone is at position 3 and the alcohol at position 1, with a methyl group at position 4.