Chemistry

Chemical Nomenclature

95 Questions

Chemical nomenclature focuses on writing standard IUPAC names for organic and inorganic compounds. This topic is essential for chemistry sections across science exams. Regular practice helps in quickly identifying functional groups and structural priority.

organic compound naminginorganic compound namingIUPAC naming rulesfunctional groups

Chemical Nomenclature Questions

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

Write the IUPAC name of the given compound:

$\begin{matrix} HO-C{ H } _{ 2 } \ - & CH &-C{ H } _{ 2 }-OH \  & | &  \  & C{ H } _{ 3 } &  \end{matrix}$

  1. 2-Methylpropane-1,3-diol

  2. 2-Methylpropan-1,3-dial

  3. 1-Hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-ol

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The given compound can be numbered from left to right or vice versa. At the 2nd position, there is a methyl group and is designated as 2-Methyl. 


The parent carbon chain contains 3 carbon atoms resembling propane and at the positions 1 and 3, there's the hydroxyl group designated as 1,3-diol. 


So the IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-Methylpropane-1,3-diol.


The answer is option A.

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

What is the $IUPAC$ name of the following compound?


$CH _{3} - CH _{2} - CH _{2} - OH$

  1. Propan-1-ol

  2. Propan-2-ol

  3. Propane-1-ol

  4. Ethane-2-ol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In this compound, the number of carbon atoms is 3. So, the parent alkane is propane. 


The functional group present is $-OH$ i.e alcohol. $-OH$ is present at the first carbon atom 

Thus the IUPAC name is Propan - 1 - ol.

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

The IUPAC name for $CH _3CH(OH)CH _2C(CH _3) _2OH$ is:

  1. 1, 1-dimethyl-1,3-butanediol

  2. 2-methyl-2,4 pentanediol

  3. 4-methyl-2 4-pentanediol

  4. 1,3,3- trimethyl 1-1,3-propanediol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The compound has 2 alcohol groups at C-2 positions on both the sides. From this point we can not say from where to start numbering. But if we number from right hand side there is also a methyl group at C-2 position. So we start number from right hand side.
Since there are two alcoholic group, we use suffix "diol"
Thus IUPAC name is: 2-Methyl-2,4 pentanediol

Multiple choice chemistry derivatives of hydrocarbons alcohol nomenclature of alcohols and phenols introduction to alcohols

IUPAC name of the compound $CH _3-CH(CH _2CH _3)-CH _2-CH(OH)-CH _3$ is:

  1. 4-Ethyl-2-pentanol

  2. 4-Methyl-2-hexanol

  3. 2-Ethyl-2-pentanol

  4. 3-Ethyl-2-hexanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Longest carbon chain has 6 atoms. We number from right hand side as alcohol group at C-2 gets least number in this case and suffix used for alcohol is "-ol". Methyl group is present at C-4 position.

Thus, IUPAC name is 4-Methyl-2-hexanol.

Multiple choice chemistry atoms, molecules and radicals molecular formula and valency valency and chemical formulae combining capacity and chemical formulae

Chemical formula of few compounds are given.
(i) $Zn(PO _4) _2$ (ii) $Fe _2S _3$ (iii) $AlN$ (iv) $Ca(HCO _3)$ (v) $K _2SO _4$.

The wrong chemical formulas are :

  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (i), (iv) and (v)

  3. (i) and (iv)

  4. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Correct chemical formula's
(i) $Zn _3(PO _4) _2$ 
(ii) $Fe _2S _3$
(iii) $AlN$ 
(iv) $Ca(HCO _3) _2$ 
(v) $K _2SO _4$.

Multiple choice chemistry atoms, molecules and radicals molecular formula and valency valency and chemical formulae combining capacity and chemical formulae

Which of the following chemical formulae of compounds given are wrong:


(i) $Zn(SO _4)$ (ii) $SFe$ (iii) $MgN _3$ (iv) $Ca(OH) _2$ (v) $KCl$.

  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (i), (iv) and (v)

  3. (i) and (iv)

  4. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Correct chemical formula's
(i) $ZnSO _4$ 
(ii) $Fe _2S _3$
(iii) $Mg _3N _2$ 
(iv) $Ca(HO) _2$ 
(v) $KCl$.

Multiple choice chemistry atoms, molecules and radicals molecular formula and valency valency and chemical formulae combining capacity and chemical formulae

When naming a binary compound, what determines the prefix for an element in a compound?

  1. The number of atoms of that element in the compound

  2. The number of valence electrons in the element

  3. The total number of atoms in the compound

  4. The number of shared electrons in the compound

  5. The number of different elements in the compound
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When naming a binary compound, the number of atoms of that element in the compound determines the prefix for an element in a compound.
For example, while naming  $N _2O _3 $, the prefix di is used for $N$ which indicates $2 N$ atoms and the prefix tri is used for $O$ which indicates $3 O$ atoms. Hence, the name dintirogen trioxide.

Multiple choice isomerism of amines organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen

The common name for the compound $CH _3CH _2CH _2NH _2$ is:

  1. propylamine

  2. N-propylamine

  3. aminopropane

  4. N-aminopropane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

$C{ H } _{ 3 }C{ H } _{ 2 }C{ H } _{ 2 }N{ H } _{ 2 }$

As it contains three saturated carbon chain and ${ 1 }^{ 0 }$  amine. So its name is propylamine propyl for $C{ H } _{ 3 }C{ H } _{ 2 }C{ H } _{ 2 }$ group.

Multiple choice chemistry d- and f-block elements actinoids the actinoids the d-and f-block elements comparison of lanthanoids and actinoids

Which of the following is true regarding derivation of the name of californium?

  1. The name of californium was derived from the name of the place.

  2. The name of californium was derived from its color.

  3. The name of californium was derived from the name of the scientist who discovered it.

  4. The name of californium was derived from mythological character name.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The name of californium was derived from the name of the state and University of California.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use chemical from common salt compounds of carbon some useful compounds in everyday life

Formula of calcium hypochlorite is:

  1. $CO{ Cl } _{ 2 }$
  2. $Ca{ \left( ClO \right) } _{ 2 }$
  3. $Ca{ \left( Cl{ O } _{ 3 } \right) } _{ 2 }$
  4. $Ca{ \left( Cl{ O } _{ 4 } \right) } _{ 2 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Formula of $calcium : hypochlorite$ is $\displaystyle Ca(ClO) _2$
$\displaystyle CaOCl _2$ represents $\displaystyle calcium : chlorohypochlorite$. It is known as $\displaystyle bleaching : powder$.