Common Chemical Compounds and Reactions

Lead(II) chloride is an inorganic compound which is a white solid under ambient conditions. It is poorly soluble in water. Lead(II) chloride is one of the most important lead-based reagents. It also occurs naturally in the form of mineral cotunnite.

Lithium bromide or LiBr, is a chemical compound of lithium and bromine. Its extreme hygroscopic character makes LiBr useful as a desiccant in certain air conditioning systems.

Magnesium oxide is a white solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium. It is hygroscopic in nature. MgO is one of the raw materials for making Portland cement in dry process plants.

Potassium nitrate occurs as a mineral niter and is a natural solid source of nitrogen. Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, rocket propellants and fireworks. It is one of the constituents of gunpowder.

The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. In its pure state, it is odourless and has a white or colourless vitreous crystal appearance.The majority of potassium chloride produced is used for making fertilizer, since the growth of many plants is limited by their potassium intake.

Formic acid is a colourless liquid having a highly pungent and penetrating odor . It is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents and is somewhat soluble in hydrocarbons.. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in the venom of bee and ant stings.

This option is correct because slaked lime are stable at ordinary condition of use and storage, but readily absorbs carbon dioxide from air to form calcium carbonate. If it is heated to decomposition to form caustic fumes of CaO, calcium hydroxide is refined from limestone.

This option is correct because sodium hexametaphosphate is a polymeric salt of metaphosphoric acid. It is used for softening hard water under the trade name calgon.

It is a common sedimentary rock.

Plaster of Paris is obtained by heating gypsum or calcium sulphate to about 140-180 degree Celsius.

Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound. This colourless, poisonous, corrosive and very reactive gas condenses to a pale-greenish yellow liquid. The compound is primarily of interest as a component in rocket fuels, in industrial cleaning and etching operations in the semiconductor industry, in nuclear reactor fuel processing and other industrial operations.

Aluminium phosphate is a chemical compound. It is used in cake mixes and in some baking powders as a leavening agent to help baked goods rise. Medicinally it is used as adsorbent for toxoid. It is used industrially as a high-temperature dehydrating agent.

Benzoyl peroxide is an organic compound in the peroxide family. It consists of two benzoyl groups bridged by a peroxide link. It is one of the most important organic peroxides in terms of applications and the scale of its production. Benzoyl peroxide is used as an acne treatment, for improving flour, for bleaching hair and teeth, for polymerising polyester and many other uses.

This option is correct because silica-alumina, zeolites and aluminium hydrosilicate are used in catalytic cracking. Lithium aluminium hydride used as a reducing agent in organic synthesis, especially for the reduction of esters, carboxylic acids, and amides and Anhydrous Aluminium chloride is used as a catalyst for Friedel–Crafts reactions, both acylation and alkylation.

Sodium percarbonate is a chemical, an adduct of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide (a perhydrate), with formula Na₂CO₃·1.5H₂O₂. It is a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic and water-soluble solid. It is used in some eco-friendly cleaning products and as a laboratory source of anhydrous hydrogen peroxide.