Chemical Compounds and Reactions

Potassium picrate, or potassium 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate, is an organic chemical, a picrate of potassium. It is a reddish yellow or green crystalline material. It is a primary explosive. Anhydrous potassium picrate forms orthorhombic crystals.

Sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) is commonly called 'hypo' in photography. It's used as a fixing agent to dissolve unexposed silver halide from photographic film or paper, making the image permanent.

Bleaching powder is chemically calcium oxychloride (CaOCl2), formed by passing chlorine gas over dry slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). It's widely used for disinfection and bleaching applications.

Photochromic glass contains silver halides (compounds of silver with chlorine, bromine, or iodine) that darken when exposed to UV light. Silver iodide is one such compound that undergoes a reversible chemical reaction, causing the darkening effect. Other options like alumina (aluminum oxide), lead oxide, and ferrous oxide do not have this photochromic property.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a neutral oxide because it does not react with acids or bases. In contrast, GeO and SnO are amphoteric (react with both), while PbO is predominantly basic. CO's neutrality comes from carbon's intermediate position in the periodic table.

In inorganic chemistry nomenclature, hydrides of group 14 elements follow a systematic naming convention. Just as silicon hydrides are called silanes, germanium hydrides are called germanes. The suffix -ane denotes the hydride series.

Carbon black is added to rubber tyres as a reinforcing filler. It improves tyre strength, durability, and resistance to wear and UV damage. Graphite and charcoal are not used in tyre manufacturing, while coke is a fuel material.

This option is correct because Sb₂O₃ is treated with HF to form SbF₃. It is mild Lewis acid and is called as Swart's reagent.

This option is correct because tetrammine copper (II) sulphate is called as Schweitzer's reagent. It dissolves cellulose and is therefore, used in the manufacture of rayon.

Sn (Tin) is present in budotitane used to treat cancer. So, this option is correct.

P. Iron (Fe) is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of ammonia by Haber process. CuCl₂ is used as catalyst in Deacon process for the preparation of Cl₂ from HCl. Q. CuCl in aqueous solution form Cu⁺ ions, which possess no colour due to the presence of completely filled d-orbitals. R. Zone melting is a group of techniques used to purify an element or a compound/metal or control its composition by melting a short region (i.e. zone) and causing this liquid zone to travel slowly through a relatively long ingot, or charge of the solid. As the zone travels, it redistributes impurities along the charge. The final distribution of the impurity depends on its distribution in the starting charge of material. This method is based on fractional crystallisation and so it is also called as zone-refining. Hence, both the statements P and Q are false.

Fe³⁺(aq): Yellow Mn³⁺(aq): Violet

Sc³⁺(aq), Ti⁴⁺(aq), Zn²⁺(aq) and Cd²⁺(aq): All are colourless due to lack of unpaired electrons.

Both Fe²⁺(aq) and Ni²⁺(aq) are green.

Arachno-borane has the structural formula- B_nH_n+6.