Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,277 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

Which of the following non-metals sublimes on heating?

  1. Fluorine

  2. Chlorine

  3. Bromine

  4. Iodine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine crystals sublime because though there are covalently bonded within the molecule holding two iodine atoms together, only Van der Waals' forces exist between the iodine molecules. Van der Waal's forces are very weak interactions between molecules of a substance hence the Iodine molecules can escape from the solid structure easily.

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

Which of the following halides is inert towards hydrolysis at room temperature? 

  1. ${ SiCl } _{ 4 }$
  2. ${ PCl } _{ 3 }$
  3. ${ NCl } _{ 3 }$
  4. ${ NF } _{ 3 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Hydrolysis takes place through the coordination with lone pair of electron of water molecule. But neither nitrogen, nor fluorine have vacant d-orbital for coordination. Hence $N{F} _{3}$ behaves as inert towards hydrolysis.
Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

The most covalent halide is:

  1. $Al{F} _{3}$
  2. $Al{Cl} _{3}$
  3. $Al{Br} _{3}$
  4. $Al{I} _{3}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

According to Fajans rule larger the size of anion,more covalent will be the bond . So, according to this most covalent halide is iodide as because it is the least electronegative among all the halides,greater size of halide anion,so in a covalent compound it has the least polarising

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

The odd one is:

[note: valency is not a criterion]

  1. iodine

  2. sulphur

  3. phosphorus

  4. carbon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Catenation,  chemical linkage into chains of atoms of the same element, occurring only among the atoms of an element that has a valence of at least two and that forms relatively strong bonds with itself. The property is predominant among carbon atoms, significant among sulfur and silicon atoms, and slightly present among germanium, nitrogen, selenium, and tellurium atoms.
here, apart from iodine all other have this property.

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

Which halogen can be purified by sublimation?

  1. $F _2$
  2. $Cl _2$
  3. $Br _2$
  4. $I _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase..
At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is liquid, and iodine is solid. They form diatomic molecules in the pure state. Since, $I _2$ is solid at room temperature. It will be sublimated and remaining can not be sublimated
Hence, options D is correct.

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

Iodine exists in which form in iodised salt.

  1. $I _2$
  2. $NaIO _3$
  3. $ICl$
  4. $IO^- _4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Iodised salt is table salt mixed with a minute amount of one of the four iodine containing salts of hydroiodic acid or iodic acid: potassium iodate or potassium iodine and sodium iodate or sodium iodide.

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

Which form negative ions in an ionic bond?

  1. Alkali metals

  2. Alkaline Earth metals

  3. Noble gases

  4. Halogens

  5. Transition metals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Halogens have 7 electrons in their valence shell.

They need 1 electron to complete their octet.
Hence, during the formation of ionic bond they accept an electron and form negative ions.

Multiple choice chemistry production of metals extraction of metal from concentrated ore basics of metallurgy extraction of metals from ore

Which one of the following statements is incorrect about rock salt type?

  1. It has fcc arrangement of $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$
  2. Nat and Cl-ions have a co-ordination number of $6:6$
  3. A unit cell of $NaCl$ consists of four $NaCl$ units

  4. All halides of alkali metals have rock-salt type structure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The alkali halides crystallize in the NaCl structure also known as rock-salt structure (rock salt is the mineral form of sodium chloride); exceptions being CsCl, CsBr, and CsI, which crystallize in the CsCl structure. In the NaCl structure (face-centered cubic lattice), each cation is surrounding by six anions, and vice versa (coordination number of 6). In the CsCl structure, each cation is surrounded by eight anions and vice versa (coordination number of 8).

Option D is incorrect

Multiple choice biology human brain and sense organs introduction to sense organs eyes and their function the structure and function of the eye

Which of the following is not included in the ororiferous products of faces?

  1. Methyl indole

  2. skatole

  3. odoriferous

  4. Mercaptans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The odoriferous properties of human feces are due to the compounds Indoles, Skatole, and Mercaptans.
  • The yellow color of the feces is due to Stercobilin which is derived by breaking down Bile salts.
  • So, the correct option is 'Stercobilin'.
Multiple choice chemistry quantitative chemistry avogadro hypothesis avogadro's law avogadro law

Cations absorb $6.023\times 10^{22}$ electrons for their reduction. How many equivalents of the ion are reduced?

  1. $0.1$
  2. $0.01$
  3. $0.001$
  4. $0.0001$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

1 equivalent of ion absorbs 6. 023 $\times 10^{23}$ electrons 

No. of equivalents reduced = $\dfrac{6.023\times 10^{22}}{6.023 \times  10^{23}}$= 0.1

Multiple choice metallic and electrolytic conduction electrolysis chemical reactions electrochemistry chemistry

Kim Istry was tired and thirsty after her soccer game, so she drank a sports drink that contained electrolytes. Kim is smart girl who known that when electrolytes dissolve in water, they produce solutions that can conduct an electric current. She also knows that the type of bonding in a substance can determined whether or not it is an electrolyte.
Which of the following substances is classified as an electrolyte?

  1. Sodium chloride, $NaCl$
  2. Glucose, $C _{6}H _{12}O _{6}$
  3. Water, $H _{2}O$
  4. Ethanol, $C _{2}H _{5}OH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The electrolyte present in sports drink is sodium chloride.

Multiple choice imperfections in solids solid state the solid state chemistry

Which of the following is an interstitial compound?

  1. $ PdCl _2 $
  2. $ NH _3 $
  3. $ZnO$
  4. $TiH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An interstitial compound is a compound that is formed when an atom with a small enough radius sits in an interstitial hole in a metal lattice.  examples of small atoms are boron, carbon and nitrogen.  these compounds play important role in industries. Examples: TiH, Fe3H and Mn4N