Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice aluminium patterns and properties of metals chemistry

$AlCl _3$ is an electron deficient compound but $AlF _3$ is not. This is because:

  1. atomic size of F is smaller than Cl which makes $AlF _3$ more covalent
  2. $AlCl _3$ is a covalent compound while $AlF _3$ is an ionic compound
  3. $AlCl _3$ exists as a dimer but $AlF _3$ does not
  4. $Al$ in $AlCl _3$ is in $sp^3$ hybrid state but Al in $AlF _3$ is in $sp^2$ state
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There is this rule called as Fajan's rule which states that with increasing size of the anion and with decreasing size of the cation ionic character of the compound decreases while the covalent character increases.

Here, since the cation is same in both the compounds, the size of the anion decides the nature of the compound. Size of chlorine being greater than fluorine, $AlCl _3$ is covalent while $AlF _3$ is ionic.

Multiple choice carbon tetrachloride ddt preparation of haloalkanes halogen derivatives

Which of the following are polyhalogen compounds?

  1. Dichloromethane

  2. Chloroform

  3. Tetrachloromethane

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dichloromethane is $CH _2Cl _2$.
Chloroform is $CHCl _3$.
Tetrachloromethane is $CCl _4$. 
All contain more than one halogen, so, they are all polyhalogen compounds.

Multiple choice chemistry electrolysis electrolytes and non-electrolytes introduction to electrolysis chemical reactions

An electrolyte:

  1. has positive charge

  2. has negative chargec

  3. should be able to conduct charge without dissociating

  4. should able to form positive and negative ions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A Chemical compound that conducts electricity by changing into ions like cations and anions when melted or dissolved into a solution.

Eg: Sodium chloride.

Multiple choice chemistry electrolysis electrolytes and non-electrolytes introduction to electrolysis chemical reactions

Which compounds dissociate to ions, when they dissolved in water?

  1. $BaSO _4; C _2H _4, AgCl$
  2. $KOH; C _6H _6; H _2SO _4$
  3. $Ca _3(PO _4) _2AgI; Cu(NO _3) _2$
  4. $AlCl _3; KOH; O _2$
  5. $KOH; H _2SO _4; KMnO _4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Strong electrolytes dissociate completely into ions in water. KOH, H2SO4, and KMnO4 are all strong electrolytes that dissociate fully.

Multiple choice chemistry electrolysis electrolytes and non-electrolytes introduction to electrolysis chemical reactions

Which of the following can be classified as a strong electrolyte?

  1. $\displaystyle { Br } _{ 2 }$
  2. $\displaystyle { C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 12 }{ O } _{ 6 }$
  3. $\displaystyle Ca{ Cl } _{ 2 }$
  4. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }O$
  5. $\displaystyle N{ O } _{ 3 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option C is the correct answer.

$CaCl _2$ in aqueous solution dissociates to give one $Ca^{2+}$ and two $Cl^-$ ions.
Any substance which dissociates to form ions can be termed as an electrolyte.
Here Calcium Chloride gives one ion of Calcium and two Chloride ions. That is, from $CaCl _2$ a total of three ions are formed. Hence it can be classified as a strong electrolyte. The strong electrolytes dissociate completely in the solution. Here only $CaCl _2$ is the only compound which completely dissociates.

Multiple choice chemistry electrolysis electrolytes and non-electrolytes introduction to electrolysis chemical reactions

What is an electrolyte?

  1. Electrolytes are substances that dissolve by separating into ions in solution.

  2. Electrolytes are substances that do not conduct electricity but dissolve in water.

  3. Electrolytes are substances that have covalent bonds.

  4. Electrolytes are substances that share electrons.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Electrolyte is an substance that dissolve by separating into ions in solution . They even can conduct electricity. As their ions are free to carry current.

Multiple choice chemistry coordination chemistry bonding in metal carbonyls metal carbonyls coordination compounds

Which of the following factors tends to increase the stability of metal ion complexes?

  1. Higher ionic radius of the metal ion

  2. Higher charge/size ratio of the metal ion

  3. Lower ionisation potential of the metal ion

  4. Lower basicity of the ligand
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
For a given ligand, the stability of complexes of metallic ions having the same charge on them decreases with the increase of the size of the central metal ions. Again if the charge of central metal ion is more and the site is small, then the stability of the complex is more. Higher charge/size ratio of metal ion i.e highly charged cation and the smaller cation can form more stable complexes.
Answer will be B.
Multiple choice chemistry coordination chemistry bonding in metal carbonyls metal carbonyls coordination compounds

Which of the following does not have a metal-carbon bond.

  1. ${C} _{2}{H} _{5}MgBr$
  2. $K[Pt({C} _{2}{H} _{4}){Cl} _{2}]$
  3. $Ni{(CO)} _{4}$
  4. $Al{(O{C} _{2}{H} _{5})} _{3}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Al(OC2H5)3 is an aluminum alkoxide. It contains Al-O bonds, not Al-C bonds. The other options are organometallic compounds containing direct metal-carbon bonds.