Chemistry
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
1,420 Questions
This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.
Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions
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Ionic
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Covalent
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a & b both
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None of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Covalent bonds are formed when non-metals share electrons with other non-metals.
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Cation
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Anion
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a & b both
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None of these.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
A cation is a positively charged ion, formed by the loss of electrons.
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H+
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Na+
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Cu++
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All of the above.
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Gains one or more electrons
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Losses one or more electrons
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Neither gain or loss of electrons
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None of these.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
An anion is a negatively charged ion. It is formed when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons, resulting in more electrons than protons.
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Transfer of electrons from one atom to another
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Sharing of electrons between two atoms
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a & b both
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None of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. Ionic bonds, by contrast, involve the transfer of electrons.
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Metal & metal
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Metal & non-metal
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Non- metal & non-metal
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None of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Ionic bonds typically form between metals (which lose electrons) and non-metals (which gain electrons) due to the electrostatic attraction between the resulting ions.
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Ionic compound
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Covalent compound
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Co-ordinate compound
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None of these
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed by the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine, resulting in Na+ and Cl- ions held together by ionic bonds.
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Covalent bond
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Co-ordinate bond
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Electrovalent bond
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None of these.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
When atoms of the same element bond, they share electrons equally because they have the same electronegativity, resulting in a covalent bond.
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Single covalent bond
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Single ionic bond
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Single co-ordinate bond
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None of these
A
Correct answer
Explanation
In Lewis structures, a single line between two atoms represents a single covalent bond, which consists of one shared pair of electrons.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is choice (3).
B
Correct answer
Explanation
A molecule of water has two lone pairs of electrons.
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CO2
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N2
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CO
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None of the above
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is choice (3).
In a molecule of carbon monoxide (CO), there is a triple bond between carbon and oxygen atoms which comprises of two covalent bonds and one coordinate bond.
The octets of carbon and oxygen atoms are not complete.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is choice (1).
Carbon is tetravalent and its compounds are essentially covalent.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Except CH4, all others are ionic compounds. CH4 is a covalent compound.
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Hydrogen and chlorine
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Aluminium and fluorine
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Carbon and hydrogen
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None of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Aluminium and fluorine will combine to form an ionic bond because it is a bond between a metal and a non-metal.