Biology ยท Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

What is the other name of chloroplast?

  1. Control centre of the cell

  2. Powerhouse of the cell

  3. Suicidal bag of the cell

  4. Kitchen of the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroplast is known as the 'kitchen of the cell' because it is responsible for the preparation of food by photosynthesis.

Multiple choice

The period of growth is divided into three phases. Which of the following is not a property of the cells of meristematic phase?

  1. The cell walls are primary in nature, thin and cellulosic.

  2. The cells have abundant plasmodesmatal connections.

  3. The cells are rich in protoplasm.

  4. The cells possess large conspicuous nuclei.

  5. Cells enlarge in this phase.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a property of the cells of meristematic phase. Cells enlarge in elongation phase.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false regarding the phase of maturation?

a. The cells in this phase attain their maximal wall thickening. b. The cells in this phase attain their maximal protoplasmic modifications. c. The cells in this phase have increased vacuolation.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only c

  5. Only b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false about the phase of maturation. The cells have increased vacuolation in elongation phase.

Multiple choice

During differentiation, the cells undergo structural changes. Which of the following changes do(es) not occur in differentiation?

a. The cells lose their protoplasm. b. The cells regain the capacity of division under certain conditions. c. The cells develop a very strong, elastic lignocellulosic secondary cell wall.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a change of differentiation. The cells regain the capacity of division under certain conditions in dedifferentiation.

Multiple choice

Which among the following can be excluded from the category of the chief characteristic of tumor cells?

  1. Extravasation

  2. Angiogenesis

  3. Uncontrolled proliferation

  4. Growth with 'GO' signals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The body cells will not divide unless they get outside signals that cause the cells to enter into the cell cycle but the cancer cells are capable of growing in the absence of these signals. They do not obey the normal trends of cell division.

Multiple choice

'Cisternae' (flattened sac like membranous structures) are usually found in

  1. Golgi complex

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Chloroplasts

  4. Nucleolus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cisternae are the flattened, disc-like, membrane-bound sacs that comprise the Golgi apparatus (also called Golgi complex or Golgi body). They are stacked together and function in processing, packaging, and modifying proteins and lipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. The Golgi apparatus is not found in mitochondria (powerhouse of cell), chloroplasts (site of photosynthesis), or nucleolus (site of ribosome synthesis).

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is not true?

  1. Every organism begins its life as a single cell.

  2. Cell division is performed by only higher multicellular organisms.

  3. About 20 million red blood cells in our body are destroyed every minute.

  4. Repair of injury is done by the process of cell division.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cell division is performed by all the organisms, be it unicellular or multicellular.

Multiple choice

_______ is/are called the powerhouse of cell.

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Vesicles

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Plasma membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mitochondria is called the powerhouse of a cell.They take in glucose and oxygen and produce energy which they capture and pack as energy-rich molecules of ATP.