Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

983 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice

The mitral valve in human heart is located between the

  1. left atrium and left ventricle

  2. right atrium and right ventricle

  3. left ventricle and aorta

  4. pulmonary valve
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 The mitral valve or bicuspid valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle, regulates the flow of blood.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are long QT syndrome(s) that cause(s) the cardiac muscle to take longer than usual to recharge between beats?

P. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome Q. Andersen-Tawil syndrome R. Angelman syndrome

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome and Andersen-Tawil syndrome are types of long QT syndromes that cause the cardiac muscle to take longer than usual to recharge between beats.

Multiple choice

Monitoring and regulation of heart rate is an important requirement for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients. Which of the following instruments only stores those periods of heart rhythm that it recognises as irregular?

  1. Holter monitor

  2. Pacemaker

  3. Loop recorder

  4. Cardiac catheter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Loop recorder only stores those periods of heart rhythm that it recognises as irregular. An implantable loop recorder is usually given to patients who experience heart-related symptoms such as fainting, light headedness, dizziness, seizure and frequent palpitations.

Multiple choice

Systolic heart failure occurs when the muscle of the left ventricle loses some of its ability to contract or shorten. Which of the following acts as the best determinant of the severity of systolic heart failure?

  1. End-diastolic volume

  2. End-systolic volume (ESV)

  3. Stroke volume

  4. Ejection fraction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ejection fraction is an important determinant of the severity of systolic heart failure. Ejection fraction is low in patients with systolic congestive heart failure.

Multiple choice

Effects of drugs on the heart can be assessed by

  1. cardioversion

  2. vectorcardiography

  3. phonocardiogram

  4. impedance cardiography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Phonocardiogram is a technique to assess the effect of drugs on heart by recording the sounds made by the heart in the cardiac cycle.

Multiple choice

Cardiotocography technique is used for

  1. recording murmurs made by the heart

  2. regulation of heartbeat

  3. recording foetal heartbeat

  4. assessing the structure of the cardiovascular system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiotocography technique is used to record foetal heartbeat. This is done to assess foetal well-being.

Multiple choice

Electrocardiography is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart by using electrodes placed on the skin. Which of the following gels is used to permit electron conduction from skin to wire and then to the electrocardiogram?

  1. Potassium chloride

  2. Cesium chloride

  3. Silver nitrate

  4. Rhodium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

To permit electron conduction from the skin to the wire and to the electrocardiogram, potassium chloride gel is used.

Multiple choice

Ejection fraction, stroke volume and cardiac output lend mathematical structure to the common medical term 'systole'. Which of the following techniques yields these crucial measurements for diagnosis of cardiovascular function?

  1. Cardiac positron emission tomography

  2. Echocardiography

  3. Vectorcardiography

  4. Cardiac ventriculography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiac ventriculography yields three crucial measurements for diagnosis of cardiovascular function. They are ejection fraction, stroke volume and cardiac output. They all lend mathematical structure to the common medical term 'systole'. Cardiac ventriculography involves injecting contrast media into the heart's ventricle(s) to measure the volume of blood pumped.

Multiple choice

During anaphylactic shock the

  1. blood pressure increases

  2. blood pressure decreases

  3. blood pressure remains normal

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anaphylactic shock is a severe allergic reaction that causes widespread vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, leading to a rapid and dangerous drop in blood pressure.

Multiple choice

QRS is related to

  1. ventricular contraction

  2. ventricular relaxation

  3. auricular contraction

  4. auricular relaxation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 QRS is related to ventricular contraction.

Multiple choice

The heart keeps on beating throughout life without fatigue because

  1. it contracts slowly

  2. it has a resting or recovery period

  3. it can use lactic acid as an extra source of energy

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The heart muscle (myocardium) has a long refractory period, which acts as a recovery phase, preventing the muscle from entering a state of sustained contraction (tetanus) and allowing it to rest between beats.

Multiple choice

In which of the following pairs do both the terms represent one and the same thing?

  1. Plasma - Serum

  2. Atriventricular - Pace maker

  3. Leucocytes - Lymphocytes

  4. Mitral valve - Bicuspid valve
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mitral valve is also known as bicuspid valve. SA node is located in the right atrial wall below the opening of the superior vena cava and called pace maker of heart. Lymphocyte is a sub-category of leucocyte, i.e. white blood corpuscles (WBC). Plasma is the matrix of blood (i.e. blood - corpuscles after clotting (i.e. blood - corpuscles + fibrinogen).