Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

983 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice

What happens in ventricular diastole?

  1. Simultaneous contraction of both ventricles

  2. Opening of semilunar valves so that the blood can go to aorta

  3. Ventricle relaxes and the auricles also relax

  4. Contraction of one ventricle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This phase is called ventricular diastole and is known as general phase.

Multiple choice

What is the function of SA node?

  1. It is the site from where impulses for contraction originate.

  2. It prevents the valves from being pushed into the auricles at the time of ventricular contraction.

  3. It separates the two ventricles.

  4. It protects the heart against injury and friction.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mammalian heart is myogenic heart, i.e heartbeat originates from muscle. The specialised area where impulses for contraction originate is called SA node.

Multiple choice

Human heart is myogenic. What is the meaning of this statement?

  1. Heartbeat originates from nerves

  2. Heartbeat originates from a muscle

  3. Heartbeat is under hormonal control

  4. Heartbeat is under chemical control
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Heartbeat originates from a muscular patch in the right auricle known as SA node. Thus, heartbeat originates from a muscle.

Multiple choice

How do the waves travel from SA node to ventricles?

  1. SA node - Purkinje fibres - Bundle of His - AV node - Ventricles

  2. SA node - Bundle of His - Purkinje fibres - AV node - Ventricles

  3. SA node - A.V. node - Bundle of His - Purkinje fibres - Ventricles

  4. SA node - AV node - Purkinje fibrres - Ventricles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

AV node picks up the wave of contraction propagated by SA node. The waves then pass through the Bundle of His, which passes down the intraventricular septum and divides into two branches, one of which is distributed to each ventricle through a fine network of Purkinje fibres. In this way, wave of contraction travels up to the ventricles.

Multiple choice

What is meant by cardiac output in humans?

  1. It is heartbeats/min.

  2. It is volume of blood pumped/min.

  3. It is the capacity of the heart to store blood.

  4. It is the general pause of cardiac activity.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Our heart pumps approx. 5040 ml of blood per minute. This is known as cardiac output.

Multiple choice

Purkinje fibres are present in the

  1. auricles

  2. AV node

  3. interior surface of the ventricles

  4. pericardium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Purkinje fibres run on the interior surface of the ventricles to join the working cardiomyocytes.

Multiple choice

What is the function of bundle of His?

  1. It relays cardiac impulses to the ventricular cells.

  2. It transmits impulses from the atrioventricular node.

  3. It plays a role in the regulation of heartbeat/rhythm.

  4. It initiates the nerve impulse.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The bundle of His is an important part of the electrical conduction system of the heart as it transmits impulses from the atrioventricular node.

Multiple choice

What is the difference between pulse rate and heart rate?

  1. They are numerically different.

  2. They are one and the same.

  3. Pulse is the expansion and contraction of artery, whereas heart rate is contraction and relaxation of heart muscles.

  4. Pulse rate doesn't change with strenuous exercise, whereas heart rate increases with vigorous exercise.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The difference is that pulse is expansion and contraction of artery, whereas heart rate is contraction and relaxation of heart muscles.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is false about the heart?

  1. The heart is slightly tilted towards left.

  2. The heart is about the size of fist.

  3. The heart is located on the left side of your chest.

  4. Feelings do affect the heart.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is a myth. In actuality, the heart is located in the middle of your chest and sits between lungs. The bottommost part of the heart is slightly tipped to the left but the heart is really in the center of your chest.

Multiple choice

Where is the mitral valve located?

  1. Between the right atrium and the left ventricle

  2. Between the left atrium and the left ventricle

  3. Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary aorta

  4. Between the right and the left ventricles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The mitral valve guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Multiple choice

The number of chambers in a human heart is

  1. 4

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The human heart consists of four chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). This structure allows for the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.