Biology
Cardiovascular and Nervous System
981 Questions
Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.
Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation
Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions
C
Correct answer
Explanation
When the auricles relax, the tricuspid and bicuspid valves shut, which creates the first heart sound called lubb.
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Electrocardiogram
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Electrocardiograph
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Pulse pressure
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Blood pressure
B
Correct answer
Explanation
It is the graphic record of the electrical variations produced by the beating of heart. It is formed by a series of ridges and furrows.
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contraction and relaxation of auricles and ventricles
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valves which regulate the flow of blood in the heart
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pericardium
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SA node
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Various valves present at the inlet and outlet of ventricles regulate the flow of blood in heart. Action of these valves creates the heart sounds.
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Sympathetic nerve fibres
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Parasympathetic nerve fibres
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Vagus nerve
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Abducens nerve
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The cardio-accelerator which accelerates the heartbeat is connected to the heart through sympathetic nerve fibres.
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blockage of arteries
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improper functioning of bundle of his
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leakage of blood through the valves
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change in the elasticity of blood vessels
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Leakage of blood through the valves produces murmur sound.
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Increase in arterial pressure
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Difference in systolic and diastolic pressure
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Decrease in arterial pressure
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Fall in pressure of alveoli below atmospheric pressure
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The difference in systolic and diastolic pressure is called pulse pressure.
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Diastole
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Pulse rate
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Systole
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Cardiac cycle
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The contraction phase of the heart is called systole.
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Systole
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Diastole
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Flaccidity
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Blockage
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Diastole is the relaxation phase of the heart.
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Simultaneous contraction of both ventricles
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Opening of semilunar valves so that the blood can go to aorta
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Ventricle relaxes and the auricles also relax
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Contraction of one ventricle
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This phase is called ventricular diastole and is known as general phase.
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It is the site from where impulses for contraction originate.
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It prevents the valves from being pushed into the auricles at the time of ventricular contraction.
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It separates the two ventricles.
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It protects the heart against injury and friction.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Mammalian heart is myogenic heart, i.e heartbeat originates from muscle. The specialised area where impulses for contraction originate is called SA node.
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Heartbeat originates from nerves
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Heartbeat originates from a muscle
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Heartbeat is under hormonal control
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Heartbeat is under chemical control
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Heartbeat originates from a muscular patch in the right auricle known as SA node. Thus, heartbeat originates from a muscle.
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SA node - Purkinje fibres - Bundle of His - AV node - Ventricles
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SA node - Bundle of His - Purkinje fibres - AV node - Ventricles
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SA node - A.V. node - Bundle of His - Purkinje fibres - Ventricles
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SA node - AV node - Purkinje fibrres - Ventricles
C
Correct answer
Explanation
AV node picks up the wave of contraction propagated by SA node. The waves then pass through the Bundle of His, which passes down the intraventricular septum and divides into two branches, one of which is distributed to each ventricle through a fine network of Purkinje fibres. In this way, wave of contraction travels up to the ventricles.
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AV node
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Bundle of His
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Purkinje fibres
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SA node
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Bundle of His is the only direct muscular communication link between the auricle and ventricle.
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It is heartbeats/min.
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It is volume of blood pumped/min.
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It is the capacity of the heart to store blood.
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It is the general pause of cardiac activity.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Our heart pumps approx. 5040 ml of blood per minute. This is known as cardiac output.
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auricles
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AV node
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interior surface of the ventricles
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pericardium
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Purkinje fibres run on the interior surface of the ventricles to join the working cardiomyocytes.