Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

983 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice

In order to magnify the efficiency of contraction and cardiac output, the conduction system of a mammalian heart follows various mechanisms. Which of the following statements regarding the conduction system is incorrect?

  1. Depolarisation propagates through cardiac muscle very sluggishly.

  2. Temporary inactivation of certain ion channels helps heart in relaxation.

  3. The action potentials of cardiac muscle are unusually sustained.

  4. There is a substantial atrial to ventricular delay.

  5. There is a coordinated contraction of ventricular cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Correct Answer: Depolarisation propagates through cardiac muscle very sluggishly.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is a secondary form of pericarditis?

  1. Systemic sclerosis

  2. Dressler's syndrome

  3. Discoid lupus erythematosus

  4. Eczema

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dressler's syndrome is a secondary form of pericarditis that occurs in the setting of injury to the heart or the pericardium .It consists of a triad of features, fever, pleuritic pain and pericardial effusion.

Multiple choice

The mammalian heart is a myogenic heart. What does this statement mean?

  1. The heart beats originate from a muscle, but it is regulated by nerves.

  2. The heart beats originate from a nerve, but it is regulated by muscles.

  3. The heart beats originate from a muscle, and is regulated by muscles.

  4. The heart beats originate from a nerve, and is regulated by nerves.

  5. The heart beats originate from the heart, and regulated by heart.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This answer is correct. The heart beats originate from a muscle, but it is regulated by nerves.

Multiple choice

The first heart sound 'lubb' is produced by

  1. the closure of AV-valve at the beginning of auricular systole

  2. the closure of AV-valve at the beginning of ventricular systole

  3. the closure of AV-valve at the beginning of ventricular diastole

  4. the closure of AV-valve at the beginning of auricular diastole

  5. both the auricles and ventricles are in relaxed or diastolic phase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This answer is correct. The closure of AV-valve at the beginning of ventricular systole produces a sound “lubb” and is known as the first heart sound.

Multiple choice

When the heart beats, it contracts and pushes blood through the arteries to the rest of the body. This force creates pressure on the arteries. This pressure is

  1. normal blood pressure

  2. arterial blood pressure

  3. systolic blood pressure

  4. diastolic blood pressure

  5. hypertension
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This answer is correct. When the heart beats, it contracts and pushes blood through the arteries to the rest of the body. This force creates pressure on the arteries. This is called systolic blood pressure.

Multiple choice

What is syncope?

  1. A medical instrument

  2. Fainting

  3. Parasite

  4. Skin rash
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Syncope is the medical term for temporary loss of consciousness or fainting. It occurs when there's a sudden decrease in blood flow to the brain, often caused by a drop in blood pressure, dehydration, or standing up too quickly (orthostatic hypotension). Vasovagal syncope is the most common type, triggered by emotional stress or pain.

Multiple choice

What is tachycardia?

  1. An intestinal worm

  2. A contagious disease

  3. Rapid heart beat

  4. Paralysis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tachycardia is the medical term for an abnormally rapid heart rate, typically defined as more than 100 beats per minute at rest. It can be caused by various factors including stress, exercise, medications, or underlying heart conditions. Options A, B, and D refer to different medical conditions (parasitic infection, contagious disease, and paralysis) unrelated to heart rate.

Multiple choice

The abnormal thickening of the heart valves is termed as

  1. Aortic insufficiency

  2. Aortic valve stenosis

  3. Cardiac fibrosis

  4. Mitral valve prolapse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiac fibrosis refers to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts.

Multiple choice

Structure separating atria of the heart from the ventricles is

  1. Coronary sulcus

  2. Interatrial groove

  3. Anterior interventricular sulcus

  4. Posterior longitudinal sulcus

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Atria of the heart are separated from the ventricles by the coronary sulcus, this contains the trunks of the nutrient vessels of the heart, and is deficient in front, where it is crossed by the root of the pulmonary artery.