Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

981 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding the human heart is INCORRECT?

  1. The cardiac valves operate passively in the heart.

  2. Heartbeat rate is modulated by autonomic nerves.

  3. The annulus fibrosus prevents the transmission directly to the auricles of the heart.

  4. Annulus fibrosus provides electrical isolation and attachment for the cardiac valves.

  5. Cordae tendineae from papillary muscles prevent eversion into the atria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Action potentials are transmitted to the rest of the heart by gap junctions between myocytes and the annulus fibrosus prevents transmission directly to the ventricles.

Multiple choice

The correct route through which pulse making impulse travels in the heart is

  1. AV node--------Bundle of HIS---------SA node----------Purkinje fibres---------------Heart muscles

  2. AV node-------- SA node ------------- Purkinje fibres----------- Bundle of HIS--------- Heart muscles

  3. SA node------- AV node ---------------Bundle of HIS------------- Purkinje fibres-------------------Heart muscles

  4. SA node -------- Purkinje fibres--------------Bundle of HIS----------AV node--------------- Heart muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct sequence.

Multiple choice

Which of the following has a thicker myocardium?

  1. Right atrium

  2. Left atrium

  3. Right ventricle

  4. Left ventricle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It has a thicker myocardium than the right ventricle or both the atriums as it has to push oxygenated blood to longer distances to all the body parts and also through more blood vessels.

Multiple choice

Congenital heart defect in babies is known as

  1. coronary heart disease

  2. myocarditis

  3. bradycardia

  4. cyanosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It results from lack of oxygen due to a hole between the right and left sides of the heart. This condition is also called as blue baby syndrome.

Multiple choice

Tricuspid valves are present in between

  1. left atrium and left ventricle

  2. right atrium and right ventricle

  3. left atrium and right atrium

  4. left ventricle and right atrium

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tricuspid valves are present in between right atrium and right ventricle.

Multiple choice

Bicuspid valves are present in between

  1. left atrium and left ventricle

  2. right atrium and right ventricle

  3. left atrium and right atrium

  4. right ventricle and left ventricle

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The bicuspid valve (also called the mitral valve) is located between the left atrium and left ventricle. It prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium when the ventricle contracts. The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle. Atria are separated from each other by the interatrial septum, not a valve.

Multiple choice

Which technique provides information about the movement of wall of the heart, valves and the septum?

  1. EMG

  2. Echocardiography

  3. Pulse rate

  4. EEG

  5. ECG
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Echocardiography is routinely used in the diagnosis, management and follow up of patients with any suspected or known heart diseases. In this technique, pulses of ultrasonic waves are emitted towards the organ and reflected waves are analysed. Recording of echoes and changes in the acoustic impedence provides information about the movement of wall of the heart, valves and the septum.

Multiple choice

The ability of junctional tissue of the heart to generate its own impulses is called

  1. autorhythmicity

  2. sinus venosus

  3. contractility

  4. staircase phenomenon

  5. echocardiography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The ability of junctional tissue of the heart to generate its own impulses without external stimulation is called autorhythmicity. This is due to a small percentage of muscle cells called autorhythmic cells that are specialised to generate and conduct action potentials and make up the conduction system of the heart.

Multiple choice

Which technique employs the use of electrodes for recording the electrical activity of the heart?

  1. Echocardiography

  2. Electrocardiography

  3. EMG

  4. Pulse rate

  5. EEG
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An electrocardiogram, also called an EKG or ECG is a simple test that detects and records the electrical activity of the heart. It is recorded using an active or exploring electrode and an indifferent electrode at zero potential or by using two active electrodes as in bipolar recording. It is also used in detecting functional abnormalities of heart like heart blocks, arrhythmias and myocardial infarction.