Botany and Plant Science

This is the correct option as this is a function of intercalary meristem. It produces an increase in the length of organs such as leaves and internodes.

This is the correct option. Xylem and phloem are conducting tissues and are also known as vascular tissues.

This is the correct option. Xylem parenchyma is living and is not bounded by thick lignified walls.

This is the correct option. The function of cambium is growth. The function of epidermis is protection. The function of xylem is conduction of water. The function of phloem is transportation of food.

Meiotic divisions are responsible for gamete formation. For wheat or any other flowering plant, it is necessary to have a pollen (4 after one meiotic division) and an egg cell (usually one after one meiotic division) to produce a single seed. To produce a single wheat grain, there should be 100 meiotic divisions to produce hundred egg cells and 25 divisions to produce 100 pollen grains.

Bulbil is a special multicellular body essentially meant for reproduction. In Agave, the floral buds are modified into bulbils. These bulbils get detached, come in contact with the soil and develop into new plants. In Dioscorea, the axillary bud develops into a bulbil. This bulbil detaches from the mother plant and grows up into a new independent one.

Some trees have great plant-like roots that radiate from the base of the stem of the tree. It consists of part root and part stem, e.g. Bombax.

The growth of pollen tube is not controlled by vegetative cytoplasm. The tube nucleus controls the growth of the pollen tube.

A seed begins to form an embryo following fertilisation and the start of a zygote. The initial division of the zygote results in two cells. The bottom cell develops into a multicellular structure, called the suspensor. It is involved in nutrient uptake from the endosperm and anchors the embryo.

New species are not produced due to self-pollination. Progeny shows less vigor due to continuous self-pollination. New characters are not introduced.

The filaments of stamens are fused to form one bundle, while anthers remain free, e.g. Hibiscus, Abutilon, etc.

The tendrils develop from the apex of the developing leaf, as in Gloriosa. This type of leaf apex is known as the cirrhose.

A chasmogamous flower is usually smaller and requires less energy to produce. It is also structured to bring its reproductive organs into contact, making it more likely that fertilisation will be successful.

Here, both filaments and anthers of the stamens are united throughout their length, e.g. Cucurbita, Lagenaria, etc.

Sclerenchyma is a simple tissue meant for the mechanical function. It is thick-walled and lignified, and is characterised by the absence of living protoplasm. The sclerencyma gives mechanical strength to the plant organ, firmness and stiffness to the part of the plant where it is present.