Botany and Plant Science

It is a modified axillary bud, which is stiffened and terminates in a sharp point. It may be simple or branched.

These leaves are heart-shaped having a petiole or stem attached to the cleft of the leave.

These are the modified plant structures adapted to store nutrients. They help the plants to survive in adverse climatic conditions. They are also the means of asexual reproduction in plants.

These leaves are thick, broad & arrowhead-shaped.

It is defined as an array of leaves or flowers, or of the vascular tissues providing these organs with essential nutrients.

It is either a hair or bristle-like protuberance on a larger structure, or in the case of the Asteraceae, a stiff needle-like element of the pappus. These are characteristics of grasses.

It is a branched group of flowers in which the branches are racemes. It is a much-branched indeterminate inflorescence.

It is a phytomorphological term used to describe a part of the spikelet of grasses. It is the lowermost of two chaff-like foliole surrounding the grass floret.

These roots are present in parasitic plants.The aerial roots get fixed to the host plant via a sticky attachment disc before introducing into the tissues of the host, e.g. Mistletoe.

It is a tissue that has replaced the epidermis in roots and in stems of submerged aquatic plants.

It is defined as the part of root system from which a stem arises. It affects the plant growth and physiology in different ways.

These roots grow downward from lateral branches in the soil. They are adventitious support roots, which are prominent in mangroves.

These roots expand radially and contract longitudinally within the soil. They have a wrinkled surface, e.g. Dandelion.

Endosperm is the tissue formed inside the seeds of flowering plants during the time of fertilization. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch. Xenia denotes the effect of pollen on endosperm.

Anthers are removed during emasculation to prevent cross pollination.