Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

4,989 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

Syngamy is the process in which

  1. male gamete fuses with female gamete

  2. pollen tube enters into the ovule through micropyle

  3. pollen tube enters into the ovule through micropyle

  4. vegetative cell and tube cell fuse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Syngamy is the fusion of gametes, i.e., the union of nuclei of male gamete and female gamete in theprocess of reproduction. In angiosperms, generative fertilization is also called, syngamy.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is not a correct explanation of cross-pollination?

  1. The pollen grains are transferred from one flower to another flower situated on the same plant

  2. The pollen grains are transferred from one flower to another flower, of another plant of the same species

  3. The pollen grains of male flower are transferred to the stigma of the female flower

  4. The pollen grains of one flower are transferred to the stigma of the same flower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grains of a male flower to the stigma of female flower, which occurs either on the same plant (monoecious) or on the different plant (dioecious).

Multiple choice

Wind pollination is common in

  1. lilies

  2. grasses

  3. orchids

  4. legumes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Pollination by wind (anemophily) is more common amongst abiotic pollinations. It is quite common in grasses.  

Multiple choice

Find the odd one out.

  1. Lotus

  2. Rose

  3. Leaves

  4. Jasmine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lotus, rose, leaves and jasmine all are lighter than water and float on the surface but lotus, rose and jasmine are the flowers making the leaves as an odd option.  

Multiple choice

Middle lamella is mainly composed of

  1. calcium carbonate

  2. calcium oxalate

  3. calcium pectate

  4. magnesium dioxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Middle lamella is mainly composed of calcium pectate

Multiple choice

The most important contribution of heterospory is

  1. variation in the size of spores

  2. development of seed habit

  3. reduction in number of spores

  4. increased nutrition to some of the spores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 Heterospory results in the variation in the size of spores, which results in the formation of different sized spores, larger in female reproductive structure, which in the course of evolution gets modified into egg in the ovule and the smaller sized spores get modified into pollen grains, the male gametes. This modification results in fertilisation of egg in the ovary by male gametes derived from pollen grains and ultimately formation of seed.

Multiple choice

The leaflet of Oxalis exhibits

  1. phototropism

  2. hyponasty

  3. circumnutation

  4. nyctinasty
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because the leaflet of Oxalis exhibits hyponasty. Hyponasty is the increased growth of the lower surface of a plant part, resulting in an upward bending of the part.

Multiple choice

Which of the following structures surrounds the stomata?

  1. Pollen grains

  2. Guard cells

  3. Petals

  4. Mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Stomata are small apertures for which opening and closing is controlled by a pair of cells known as guard cells. Pollen grains and petals are parts of flower and mitochondria are cell organelles. 

Multiple choice

Roots of aquatic plants are devoid of

  1. root cap and side branches

  2. side branches

  3. root cap

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Most of the hydrophytes lack true roots due to the availability of plenty of water.

Multiple choice

Which of the following features does not characterise plants?

  1. Large vacuoles

  2. Presence of centrioles

  3. Presence of plastids

  4. Presence of cell wall
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Centrioles are present in the cells of most eukaryotes, e.g. those of animals. However, they are absent from conifers (pinophyta) and flowering plants (angiosperms).