Biology ยท Science General
Botany and Plant Science
5,038 Questions
Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.
Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology
Botany and Plant Science Questions
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Eusporangiate type
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Leptosporangiate type
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Monosporic type
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Tetrasporic type
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Microsporangium development in both angiosperms and gymnosperms follows the eusporangiate type, where the sporangium develops from a group of initial cells (multicellular origin). Leptosporangiate development occurs in some ferns where the sporangium arises from a single initial cell. Monosporic and tetrasporic refer to embryo sac development types in angiosperms, not microsporangium development.
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Asteraceae
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Moraceae
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Poacaeae
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Brassicaceae
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The capitulum (head) inflorescence, where many small flowers are densely packed on a receptacle, is the defining characteristic of Asteraceae (formerly Compositae). Other families listed have different inflorescence types - Moraceae has hypanthodium, Poaceae has spikelets, and Brassicaceae has racemes.
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Anther development
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Opening of flower
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Floral bud formation
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Meiosis in spore mother cell
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Anthesis is the botanical term for the period when a flower opens fully and becomes functional for reproduction. This is when the stamens mature and pollen is released for pollination. It is not related to anther development, bud formation, or meiosis.
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Domain
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Site
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Tree
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Forest
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Organisational unit
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Sites are used as a physical structure to represent active directory components.
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A haploid sporophyte phase produces diploid spores.
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The gametophyte typically consists of a photosynthetic prothallus.
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The gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis.
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A sperm is mobile and flagellate.
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The fertilised egg grows by mitosis.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
A diploid sporophyte phase produces haploid spores by meiosis (a process of cell division which reduces the number of chromosomes by a half).
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The plant body of a hornwort is a diploid gametophyte stage.
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Many hornworts develop internal mucilage-filled cavities when groups of cells break down.
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The horn-shaped sporophyte grows from an archegonium .
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The pseudo-elaters are multi-cellular.
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The spores are polar.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The plant body of a hornwort is a haploid gametophyte stage. This stage usually grows as a thin rosette or ribbon-like thallus between one and five centimeters in diameter.
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If a frond is divided into pinnae, the frond is called once pinnate.
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Some fronds are not pinnately compound.
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Fern fronds lacks sporangia.
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Fern fronds arises from the stem.
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Fronds may bear hairs, scales and glands.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Fern fronds often bear sporangia, where the plant's spores are formed, usually on the underside (abaxial surface) of the pinnae, but sometimes marginally or scattered over the frond.
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Napiform roots
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Conical roots
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Tuberous roots
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Fusiform roots
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The roots which are thick and fleshy and do not maintain any definite shape are called tuberous roots
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Tuberous tap root
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Tuberous adventitious root
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Annulated adventitious root
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Nodulose roots
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Sweet potato possesses tuberous adventitious root.
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Beaded roots
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Annulated roots
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Fasciculated roots
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Nodulose roots
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Annulated roots have a series of ring like swellings.
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Fasciculated roots
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Nodulose roots
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Tuberous roots
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Moniliform roots
D
Correct answer
Explanation
An adventitious root with beaded appearance is called Moniliform root
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Conical root
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Tuberous root
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Napiform root
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Fusiform root
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Beet root is a napiform root
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Sunflower
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Dandelion
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Rose
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Casablanca lily
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-
B
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer. Dandelion flower opens its petals in bright light and closes at dusk.
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Roots are positively geotropic.
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Roots are positively phototropic.
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Roots bear reproductive part.
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Roots have distinct nodes and inter-nodes.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Roots are positively geotropic.
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Collenchyma cells
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Parenchyma cells
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Sclerenchyma cells
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None of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Root cap has parenchymatous multicellular structure.