Biology · Chemistry

Biomolecules and Enzymes

1,432 Questions

This topic focuses on biomolecules, specifically proteins, enzymes, and amino acids. It includes questions on enzyme structures, protein folding, and catalysis. These concepts are crucial for medical and biology competitive exams.

Enzyme catalysisProtein structuresAmino acid synthesisPolypeptide chainsBiomolecule properties

Biomolecules and Enzymes Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the statements about Coiynebacterium diphtheriae biology is NOT CORRECT?

  1. All strains of C. diphtheriae are producers of diphtheria toxin

  2. Diphtheria toxin production can be minimized by high concentration of iron in the medium

  3. Diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis

  4. Diphtheria toxin is an A-B toxin secreted as a polypeptide of 62 kDa
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Not all strains of C. diphtheriae produce the toxin; only those lysogenized by the beta-phage carrying the tox gene are toxigenic.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE in terms of nutritive evaluation of proteins?

  1. PER is defined as the live weight gain per unit weight of protein intake.

  2. ‘Metabolic nitrogen’ is the amount of nitrogen present in the feces when a nitrogen free diet is fed to an animal.

  3. Net protein utilization is a product of biological value and digestibility.

  4. ‘Chemical score’ of a mixed protein diet can be calculated from the total amino acids present in the mixture.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

What is NOT one of the common chromophores in the body

  1. collagen

  2. pigment

  3. lymph

  4. protien
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Common chromophores in the body include melanin (pigment), hemoglobin (blood), water, and collagen. Lymph is not a primary chromophore that absorbs laser light in the same way.

Multiple choice biology organisation of the organism introduction to cell what are the living organisms made of component of the cell

Assume a spherical mammalian cell has diameter of 27 $\mu m$, If a polypeptide chain with alpha helical canfoemation has to stretch across the cell, how many amino acids should it comprise of: 

  1. 18000

  2. 27000

  3. 1800

  4. 12000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

No. of amino acid in one term in α helix = 3.6

Pitch length for α Helix = 5.4 Aº  
The No. of Amino acid in polypeptide
= 1.8 x $10^4$ Amino acid = 18000 amino acid
Thus A is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology meaning of life chemical organization in living beings lipids proteins and their structure

Components, present in acid insoluble pool are?

  1. Protein, nucleic acid, polysaccharide

  2. Protein, lipid, monosaccharide

  3. Protein, nucleic acid, amino acid

  4. Lipid, amino acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The acid-insoluble pool (retentate) in biochemical analysis contains macromolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides, which are too large to pass through the filter.

Multiple choice biology meaning of life chemical organization in living beings lipids proteins and their structure

Major requirement of protein in the body is for

  1. Energy

  2. Growth

  3. Repair

  4. Proper nourishment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation
The major requirement of protein in the body is for growth and repair.
Protein is a nutrient needed by the human body for growth and maintenance. Aside from water, proteins are the most abundant kind of molecules in the body. Protein can be found in all cells of the body and is the major structural component of all cells in the body, especially muscle. This also includes body organs, hair and skin. Proteins are also used in membranes, such as glycoproteins. When broken down into amino acids, they are used as precursors to nucleic acid, coenzymes, hormones, immune response, cellular repair, and other molecules essential for life. Additionally, protein is needed to form blood cells.
Multiple choice biology meaning of life chemical organization in living beings lipids proteins and their structure

Which of the following is biomolecule but not true polymer?

  1. Lipid

  2. cellulose

  3. Nucleic acids

  4. amino acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lipid is not a true polymer as it contains a distinct functional group at one end in addition to repeated units of Hydrocarbons. So, the growth of the polymer takes place only in one direction, which does not  occur in case of polymers. 

So, the correct answer is 'Lipid'
                                                                                                                   

Multiple choice urea organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen

Wohler's synthesis is used for the preparation of :

  1. Glycine

  2. Amino acids

  3. Urea

  4. Proteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wohler's synthesis is used for the preparation of urea. In this reaction ammonium cyanate is transformed into urea.
$\displaystyle NH _4(NCO) \rightarrow NH _3 + HNCO \rightarrow (NH _2) _2CO$

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology: general introduction application of biotechnology miscellaneous applications of biotechnology application of biology in therapy and vaccine

Which of the following can be classified as recognition transduction component of a biosensor?

  1. Amplifiers

  2. Bioreceptors

  3. Transducer

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A biosensor is an analytical device, used for the detection of an analyte, that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector. A biosensor typically consists of a biorecognition component, biotransducer component, and electronic system which include a signal amplifier, processor, and display. The transducer transforms the signal resulting from the interaction of the analyte with the biological element into another signal that can be more easily measured and quantified.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice zoology biotechnology: general introduction application of biotechnology miscellaneous applications of biotechnology application of biology in therapy and vaccine

Arrange the following parts of a biosensor in chronological order.

  1. A) Bioreceptors, Transducer, Amplifier, Microelectronics

  2. B) Bioreceptors, Amplifier, Microelectronics, Transducer

  3. C) Transducer, Bioreceptors, Amplifier, Microelectronics

  4. D) Bioreceptors, Amplifier, Microelectronics, Transducer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A biosensor typically consists of a biorecognition component, biotransducer component, and electronic system which include a signal amplifier, processor, and display. The bioreceptor is designed to interact with the specific analyte of interest to produce an effect measurable by the transducer. High selectivity for the analyte among a matrix of other chemical or biological components is a key requirement of the bioreceptor and it uses biomolecules from organisms or receptors modelled after biological systems to interact with the analyte of interest. This interaction is measured by the biotransducer which outputs a measurable signal proportional to the presence of the target analyte in the sample.
So, the correct answer is option A.