Animal Tissue and Anatomy

Dog shark or Scoliodon has special urea absorbing segment in the uriniferous tubules.

The ground substance of connective tissue is composed of a complex mixture of proteins and carbohydrates, primarily glycosaminoglycans, which are a type of mucopolysaccharide. These molecules trap water to form a gel-like matrix.

 Gas filled swim bladder helps in maintaining buoyancy.

Epiglottis is the flap covering the wind pipe, and is not a vestigial organ.

Peyers patches are lymphoid nodules found on the ileum.

Tube feet attach to the substrate by vacuum action of suckers.

Uterine wall is inside the body and its contraction is an example of internal organ movement.

They are densely stained transverse lines which separate the sarcomeres.

The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle, at the end of the pyloric canal, and lets food pass from the stomach, to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion.

Back of the tongue helps detect bitter taste as in the case of tasting bitter gourd.

The front part of the tongue detects sweet and salty taste of any food item.

The thin membrane at the end of the auditory canal is called tympanic membrane.

In the inner ear, the pressure variations are turned into electrical signals by cochlea. These electrical signals are sent to the brain via auditory nerve and the brain interprets them as sound.

The epiglottis is flap of cartilage located in the throat behind the tongue and in front of the larynx. The epiglottis is usually upright at rest allowing air to pass into the larynx and lungs. When a person swallows the epiglottis folds backward to cover the entrance of the larynx so food and liquid do not enter the windpipe and lungs. After swallowing the epiglottis returns to its original upright position.

The liver is the largest gland of the human body, with a weight of about 3 to 3½ lb (1.4 to 1.6 kg). It is an accessory digestive organ.It secretes bile, a greenish, bitter juice which breaks up the fatty part of the food into tiny drops. Bile from the liver is collected in the gall-bladder from which it flows into the intestine.