Agricultural Practices and Land Use

The leguminous plants are important in agriculture because they help in nitrogen fixation of the plants.

 Untimely sowing of crops is not efficient in weed control.

Options (2), (3) and (4) are benefits of intercropping as in this technique, we grow two crops. Out of the two, one is resistant to the pest and diseases and the crop is laid in a fixed pattern. It stops pests and diseases from spreading. Therefore, (2) is a benefit of intercropping system. Also, returns from both the crops will be better as both of these have different nutrient requirements and do not have to compete for survival. Therefore, (3) is also an advantage. Restriction in spread of disease will also reduce the risk of damaging both the crops. Minimum utilization of the nutrients supplied is not an advantage as it would lead to accumulation of mineral ions in the soil. Intercropping ensures maximum utilization of nutrients because both the crops have different nutrient requirements. If the nutrients do not get completely utilized, they get accumulated in the soil and result in pollution of water resources, destruction of microorganisms and friendly insects, crop susceptibility to disease attack and acidification or alkalization of the soil.

Farmer 'C' uses high quality seeds, adopts irrigation, uses fertilizers and uses crop protection measures. So, he will get the most benefits. Option 1 is not considered as the farmer did not supply irrigation or fertilizers (for growth of plants). In option 2, seed quality is not good, so it is not considered. In option 4, no crop protection measure was taken, so this farmer will not get the most benefits.

M.S. Swaminathan is widely recognized as the chief architect of India's Green Revolution for his pioneering work in developing high-yield wheat and rice varieties in the 1960s. Norman Borlaug was the father of the global Green Revolution but worked primarily in Mexico and introduced his varieties to India. V. Kurien led the White Revolution (dairy).

Heat can be trapped by glass. Hence, the temperature inside a glass enclosure will be much higher than that in the surroundings. This phenomenon was used to create an enclosure where tropical plants could be kept warm during the winters in colder climates. Such enclosures are called greenhouses. 

Green house is a glass structure used to protect the plants from cold as it is a property of glass. Hence, option (3) is correct.

This is used for removing weeds and for loosening the soil. 

This is the correct option. It a structure, typically cylindrical, in which fodder or forage is kept. 

This is the correct answer. Third step is the replenishment of nutrients in the soil. 

This is the correct answer. Loosening and turning of soil is called tilling or ploughing. This is done by using a plough, which is either drawn by a pair of bulls or driven by a tractor.

This is the correct answer as mulberry trees are not found in arid areas, but are found in dry deciduous areas.

Cow dung and organic manure were used in the traditional farming, which resulted in low yields.

This is the correct answer. The green revolution is associated with higher yield of crops through usage of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. It is also associated with loss of soil fertility due to excessive usage of chemical fertilisers and pesticides, and reduced water table due to excessive use of irrigation.

Organic farming is a production system of crops which avoids the use of synthetic and chemical inputs like fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators and livestock feed additives.