Acids and Bases

This answer is correct and can be explained as follows: Sulphanillic acid contains SO₃H and NH₂ group. The SO₃H group is capable of donating H⁺ and it acts as an arrhenius acid while nitrogen in NH₂ group contains a lone pair of electrons and acts as a Lewis Base by donating it. Hence, sulphanillic acid is both an arrhenius acid and Lewis Base.

This option is correct because glycine contains both acidic and basic groups and it undergoes mutual neutralization to form zwitter ions as shown below by the reaction: NH₂-CH₂-COOH → N⁺H₃-CH₂-COO^-

This option is correct because we know that soft acid includes ions of heavier transition metals and those in lower oxidation states which are large sized and their outer orbits are easily distorted. Since cadmium is also from heavier transition metals having outer orbits which are easily distorted due to inert pair effect, it is a soft acid.

Vinegar is essentially a dilute solution of acetic acid. The other acids listed are found in different substances.

Citric acid is the primary acid responsible for the sour taste of lemons and other citrus fruits.

Sulphur is the primary raw material used in the contact process to manufacture sulphuric acid.

The characteristic pungent odour of garlic is primarily due to organosulphur compounds, such as allicin, which are released when garlic is crushed.

Sulphuric acid is the electrolyte used in lead-acid car batteries.

Hazard warning signs are used to alert individuals to the presence of dangerous substances, including corrosive acids and bases. These symbols help prevent accidental exposure or injury.

Strong mineral acids like HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4 are highly corrosive and react with most metals. Therefore, they are typically stored in glass or specialized plastic containers rather than metal ones.

The pH scale is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is the standard tool for measuring the strength of acids and bases.

This option is correct because the para-nitrophenol contains the electron withdrawing group at para position of the phenolic compound. Therefore, it incereases the acidity of the compound of phenol.

This option is correct because BF₃ acts as a Lewis acid. The boron in BF₃ is electron poor and has an empty orbital, so it can accept a pair of electrons, making it a Lewis acid.

Acidic salts are those, which contain hydrogen ion. NaHSO₄ contains hydrogen ion. Hence, it is an acidic salt.

The number of hydroxyl ions present in one molecule of base is called its acidity. In sodium hydroxide, only one hydroxyl ion is present, so its acidity is 1 while others have 2 hydroxyl ions, so the acidity is 2. The number of hydroxyl ions present in one molecule of base is called its acidity. In sodium hydroxide, only one hydroxyl ion is present, so its acidity is 1 while others have 2 hydroxyl ions, so the acidity is 2.Zinc hydroxide contain 2 hydroxyl ions, so its acidity is also 2.