Chemistry

Acids and Bases

594 Questions

Acids and bases questions cover the chemical properties, common examples, and theoretical concepts of acidic and basic substances. Topics include identifying proton acceptors, recognizing amphoteric substances, and knowing the sources of everyday organic acids. These foundational chemistry questions are common across SSC, banking, and railways examinations.

Acid and base propertiesOrganic acidsAmphoteric substancesProton donors and acceptorsChemical formulas

Acids and Bases Questions

Multiple choice reactions of acids and bases properties of acids and bases acids, bases and salts acids and bases chemistry

$H _2O _2$ is a:

  1. monobasic acid

  2. dibasic acid

  3. neutral compound

  4. weal alkali
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A dibasic molecule has two replaceable hydrogen atoms. Since $H _2O _2$ has two replaceable hydrogen atoms, That's why it is a dibasic acid.

$H _2O _2\rightarrow HO _2^−+H^+$

$HO _2^−\rightarrow O _2^{−2}+H^+$


$\mathbf{Hence\ the\ correct\ answer\ is\ option\ (B)}$

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Amides and acid chlorides are:

  1. organic functional group

  2. functional derivative of carboxylic acid
  3. both $A$ and $B$

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Amides and Acid chlorides are organic Functional group and functional derivative of carboxylic acid. Amide has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - NH _2  $. Carboxylic acid has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $. An example of amide is acetamide $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - NH _2   $. An example of carboxylic acid is acetic acid $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $. Acid chloride has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - Cl  $.  An example of acid chloride is acetyl chloride $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - Cl  $. 

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Identify the main functional derivative of carboxylic acid.

  1. Ester

  2. Alkane

  3. Alcohol

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ester is the main functional derivative of carboxylic acid. Ester has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OR'  $. Carboxylic acid has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $. An example of ester is ethyl acetate $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - O-CH _2-CH _3  $. An example of carboxylic acid is acetic acid $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Acyl halide and acid halide are same groups.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The given statement is True.
Acyl halide and acid halide are same groups. They represent the function group
  $\displaystyle R- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-X$  where X is halogen atom (F, Cl, Br or I). They are derived from carboxylic acids (  $\displaystyle R- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-OH$ ) by replacing a hydroxyl group (-OH) with a halide group.
An example is acetyl chloride  $\displaystyle CH _3- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-Cl$
Another example is benzoyl chloride $\displaystyle Ph- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-Cl$

Multiple choice reactions of haloarenes haloalkanes and haloarenes chemistry

The acid that cannot be prepared by Grignard reagent is.

  1. Acetic acid

  2. Formic acid

  3. Butyric acid

  4. Benzoic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Formic acid (containing only one C atom) cannot be prepared by Grignard reagent. The acid that can be prepared by Grignard reagent should contain a minimum of two carbon atoms. An example is as shown below.
$\displaystyle CO _2+CH _3-MgI \rightarrow CH _3-COO-MgI \xrightarrow [hydrolysis]{H^+} CH _3-COOH+ Mg(I)OH$

Multiple choice

What does pH stand for?

  1. properties of Hydrogen

  2. properties of Health

  3. potential of Hydrogen

  4. potential of Helium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The term pH stands for 'potential of Hydrogen' (or power of Hydrogen), referring to the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Multiple choice chemistry organic compounds containing nitrogen chemical reactions of diazonium salts chemical properties of diazonium salts diazonium salts

Cyanide group on hydrolysis give:

  1. acid

  2. acetamide

  3. amine

  4. hydrate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
$\displaystyle \underset{Cyanide}{RCN} \xrightarrow{H _2O} \underset{Amide}{RCONH _2}   \xrightarrow{H _2O} \underset{Acid}{RCOOH} + \underset{Ammonia}{NH _3}$
$\therefore $ Hydrolysis of cyanide results in formation of acid.
Multiple choice action of alkalis on some metals and metal oxides analytical chemistry properties of acids and bases acids, bases and salts chemistry

A salt contains two atoms of iron, three atoms of sulphur and twelve atoms of oxygen. Identify the corresponding acid and base from which it is formed.

  1. $H _2 SO _4, Fe (OH) _2$
  2. $H _2 SO _3, Fe (OH) _2$
  3. $H _2 SO _3, Fe (OH) _3$
  4. $H _2 SO _4, Fe (OH) _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

$Fe _{2}(SO _{4}) _{3}$ is the salt formed from $Fe(OH) _{3}$ and $H _{2}SO _{4}$. The balanced chemical equation can be written as:
$2Fe(OH) _{3} + 3H _{2}SO _{4} \rightarrow Fe _{2}(SO _{4}) _{3} +6H _{2}O$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

Give the condensed formula of following,
$2 - Hydroxy- 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic$ acid :

  1. $(HOOC)CH _2C(COOH)(OH)CH _2(COOH)$
  2. $(HOOC)CH _2C(COOH)(COOH)CH _2(OH)$
  3. $(HOOC)CH _3C(COOH)CH _2(COOH)$
  4. $(HOOC)CH _2CH _2C(COOH)(OH)CH _2(COOH)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
$2 - Hydroxy- 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid$ 
The name suggests functional groups are - three Carboxylic Acid (main) and one Alcohol (secondary) at position C-2, with 3 carbons in main chain. 
The condensed formula is $(HOOC)CH _2C(COOH)(OH)CH _2(COOH)$
Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

Structure of ethanoic acid is:

  1. $\displaystyle { CH } _{ 3 }-{ CH } _{ 2 }-{ CH } _{ 3 }$
  2. $\displaystyle CH _3-\underset {\displaystyle \underset {\displaystyle O}{ ||}}{C}-OH$
  3. $\displaystyle { CH } _{ 3 }-O-{ C } _{ 3 }{ H } _{ 7 }$
  4. $\displaystyle CH _3-\underset {\displaystyle \underset {\displaystyle O}{ ||}}{C}-CH _3$
  5. $\displaystyle CH _3 - CH _2- NH _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Structure of ethanoic acid is $\displaystyle CH _3-\underset {\displaystyle \underset {\displaystyle O}{ ||}}{C}-OH$. It is also called acetic acid. It can be considered as compound formed by substituting the hydrogen atom of methane with carboxylic group $-COOH$.   

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

The functional group present in carboxylic acids is ?

  1. -COOH

  2. -CO-

  3. -OH

  4. -CHO
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carboxylic acids are represented by -COOH- functional group. It ionizes to give carboxylate ions and hydrogen ions. This group present in a compound makes it an acid and if present with other groups in the compound it is always present at position no.1 and carbon is included in the carbon chain atoms.