Multiple choice

Which of the following is the most fertile layer of soil?

  1. Top soil

  2. Subsoil

  3. Bedrock

  4. Parent rock
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A Correct answer
Explanation

Topsoil (A-horizon) is the most fertile layer due to high concentration of organic matter, humus, nutrients and biological activity. This layer contains decomposed organic material, minerals and supports maximum root growth. Subsoil has fewer nutrients and organic content, while bedrock and parent rock are largely unweathered mineral layers without significant fertility.

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