To answer this question, the user needs to be familiar with the different types of testing techniques used during software testing.

Option A: Usability testing is a type of testing that ensures the software is user-friendly and intuitive to use. This type of testing is usually performed during the user acceptance testing (UAT) phase of testing and is not used during the component testing phase. Therefore, option A is not the correct answer.

Option B: Security testing is a type of testing that ensures the software is secure and free from vulnerabilities. This type of testing is usually performed during the system testing phase and not used during the component testing phase. Therefore, option B is not the correct answer.

Option C: Performance testing is a type of testing that ensures the software's performance meets the expected requirements. This type of testing is usually performed during the system testing phase and not used during the component testing phase. Therefore, option C is not the correct answer.

Option D: Statement and branch testing is a type of testing that ensures each statement and branch of the code is executed at least once. This type of testing is performed during the component testing phase to ensure that the code is working as intended. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Therefore, the answer is: D. Statement and branch testing.