To answer this question, you need to understand different types of testing and their purposes.
Option A) Mutation Testing - This option is correct. Mutation testing is a type of testing where bugs or faults are intentionally added to the code to check the effectiveness of the test cases. The objective is to see if the test cases can identify the injected bugs and fail accordingly.
Option B) Component Testing - This option is incorrect. Component testing refers to testing individual components or modules of an application in isolation, without purposely adding bugs to it.
Option C) Agile Testing - This option is incorrect. Agile testing is a testing approach that focuses on iterative development and testing in an agile software development environment. It does not involve purposely adding bugs to the application.
Option D) Ad Hoc Testing - This option is incorrect. Ad hoc testing is a testing approach where testing is performed without any specific plan or documentation. It does not involve purposely adding bugs to the application.
The correct answer is A) Mutation Testing. This option is correct because it involves intentionally adding bugs to the application to assess the effectiveness of the test cases.